Brown M D, Hendrikz J K, Greenwood J G, Kay B H
Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1996 Sep;12(3 Pt 1):414-20.
This study addressed biological control of peridomestic Aedes notoscriptus, known to be a highly effective colonizer of tire habitats and a possible vector of Ross River virus. A laboratory trial of the compatibility of the predators Mesocyclops aspericornis and Toxorhynchites speciosus in small container habitats showed that 4th-instar Tx. speciosus did not significantly affect M. aspericornis mortality. Introduced M. aspericornis and naturally occurring Tx. speciosus were found to form a compatible predator pair for reduction of larval Ae. notoscriptus and Culex quinquefasciatus populations in tire habitats. Over 22 months of field survey, 97% of tires without predators contained mosquito larvae, at a median density of 43 larvae/liter. By comparison, 51% of tires containing both predator species held mosquito larvae at a median density of 4 larvae/liter. Predation by Tx. speciosus persisted for the duration of the study. The inability of the Lake Kurwongbah strain of M. aspericornis to tolerate temperatures of < or = 10 degrees C, which are prevalent in Brisbane during winter, resulted in a failure to deliver persistent reduction of mosquitoes in tires. The temperature-dependent population characteristics of M. aspericornis emphasize the long-recognized importance of matching a biological control candidate's physiological requirements to the environment in which control is sought.
本研究探讨了对家栖骚扰伊蚊的生物防治，该蚊种是轮胎栖息地的高效定殖者，也是罗斯河病毒的潜在传播媒介。在小型容器栖息地对捕食者粗糙中剑水蚤和华丽巨蚊的兼容性进行的实验室试验表明，四龄期的华丽巨蚊对粗糙中剑水蚤的死亡率没有显著影响。研究发现，引入的粗糙中剑水蚤和自然存在的华丽巨蚊形成了一对兼容性良好的捕食者组合，可减少轮胎栖息地幼虫期骚扰伊蚊和致倦库蚊的数量。在超过22个月的实地调查中，97%没有捕食者的轮胎中有蚊虫幼虫，幼虫密度中位数为43条/升。相比之下，同时含有两种捕食者的轮胎中，51%有蚊虫幼虫，幼虫密度中位数为4条/升。在整个研究期间，华丽巨蚊的捕食作用持续存在。粗糙中剑水蚤库尔翁巴湖品系无法耐受低于或等于10摄氏度的温度（布里斯班冬季普遍出现的温度），导致无法持续减少轮胎中的蚊虫数量。粗糙中剑水蚤依赖温度的种群特征凸显了长期以来人们所认识到的将生物防治候选者的生理需求与寻求防治的环境相匹配的重要性。
