Foley H A, Carlton C O, Howell R J
Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 1996;24(3):333-45.
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder (CD) are both disorders of childhood and adolescence that all too frequently extend into adulthood. But just what is the relationship between these two disorders? This study explores the overlap between these two disorders as they relate to juvenile delinquency; both are significant risk factors for the development of antisocial behavior. But there is more significance to the presence or absence of ADHD or CD in later antisocial behavior. Higher levels of defiant and/or aggressive behavior lead to antisocial acts as compared with lower levels of defiance and antisocial acts. Boys diagnosed with ADHD have higher felony rates than normal control boys, yet ADHD is not nearly as strong a predictor of offending behavior as is CD in study subjects. The presence of both CD and ADHD contributes to illegal behavior, and it is likely that early intervention in both disorders will reduce the prevalence of antisocial behavior.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和品行障碍（CD）都是儿童期和青少年期的疾病，且常常延续至成年期。但这两种疾病之间究竟是什么关系呢？本研究探讨了这两种疾病与青少年犯罪之间的重叠关系；它们都是反社会行为发展的重要风险因素。但ADHD或CD的存在与否在后期反社会行为中具有更大的意义。与较低水平的违抗和反社会行为相比，较高水平的违抗和/或攻击性行为会导致反社会行为。被诊断患有ADHD的男孩的重罪率高于正常对照男孩，但在研究对象中，ADHD对犯罪行为的预测能力远不如CD。CD和ADHD同时存在会导致违法行为，对这两种疾病的早期干预可能会降低反社会行为的发生率。
