Keeble V B, Correll L, Ehrich M
Department of Clothing and Textiles, College of Human Resources, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
J Appl Toxicol. 1996 Sep-Oct;16(5):401-6. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199609)16:5<401::AID-JAT364>3.0.CO;2-F.
Two knit glove fabrics, one of 100% cotton and one of 100% polypropylene, were examined for their capability to decrease the penetration of the organophosphate insecticides (OPs), azinphos-methyl and paraoxon after 4 h at field concentrations (3000 and 15 ppm, respectively) through an in vitro epidermal system (Skin2, Advanced Tissue Systems, LaJolla, CA). The glove fabrics were examined under three different conditions of use: new, after they had been abraded and after they had been abraded and then laundered. New and laundered cotton fabric was also examined for its capability to decrease the penetration of azinphos-methyl through another in vitro epidermal system (Epiderm, MatTek Corp., Ashland, MA), after 4 and 24 h of exposure. Capability of the media under the in vitro epidermal systems to inhibit brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was used as the indicator of penetration. Results were compared to OP-caused inhibitions seen in media under the fabric alone and in media under the in vitro epidermal systems alone. Incubations of azinphos-methyl suspensions and the in vitro epidermal systems covered with fabric indicated that both the epidermal cells and fabric provided protection against AChE inhibition caused by this OP and that the protective effects were additive, whether measured after 4 or 24 h of exposure. Therefore, neither laundering nor abrasion followed by laundering altered the capability of the in vitro epidermal systems to absorb azinphos-methyl suspension. For paraoxon solution, however, new cotton glove fabric prevented absorption, and this protective effect, noted after 4 h of exposure, was lost when the fabric was laundered. Abrading the fabric did not cause a greater effect than laundering alone. These results suggest that the pesticide as well as its formulation may be factors of consideration when protective fabrics are chosen, and that, for cotton glove fabric, the protection against some OPs may best be provided before the fabric is laundered.
对两种针织手套面料进行了检测，一种是100%棉的，另一种是100%聚丙烯的，检测它们在田间浓度（分别为3000和15 ppm）下经过4小时后，通过体外表皮系统（Skin2，Advanced Tissue Systems，拉霍亚，加利福尼亚州）减少有机磷杀虫剂谷硫磷和对氧磷渗透的能力。在三种不同的使用条件下检测手套面料：新的、磨损后以及磨损后再洗涤。还检测了新的和洗涤后的棉织物在另一种体外表皮系统（Epiderm，MatTek公司，阿什兰，马萨诸塞州）中暴露4小时和24小时后减少谷硫磷渗透的能力。将体外表皮系统下培养基抑制脑乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的能力用作渗透指标。将结果与仅在织物下的培养基以及仅在体外表皮系统下的培养基中观察到的由有机磷引起的抑制作用进行比较。谷硫磷悬浮液与覆盖有织物的体外表皮系统的孵育表明，表皮细胞和织物均提供了针对该有机磷引起的AChE抑制的保护作用，并且无论在暴露4小时还是24小时后测量，保护作用都是相加的。因此，洗涤以及磨损后洗涤均未改变体外表皮系统吸收谷硫磷悬浮液的能力。然而，对于对氧磷溶液，新的棉手套面料可防止吸收，并且这种在暴露4小时后观察到的保护作用在织物洗涤后丧失。磨损织物并没有比单独洗涤产生更大的影响。这些结果表明，在选择防护织物时，农药及其配方可能是需要考虑的因素，并且对于棉手套面料，在织物洗涤之前可能对某些有机磷提供最佳保护。
