Newton D A
Department of Pediatrics, East Carolina University School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina 27858-4354, USA.
Prim Care. 1996 Dec;23(4):701-17. doi: 10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70358-4.
Sinusitis is common in children and adolescents, most frequently as a complication of a viral upper respiratory tract infection or allergic rhinitis. The diagnosis usually is suggested by symptoms of a viral upper respiratory tract infection persisting beyond 10 days without improvement or severe symptoms with fever and purulent rhinitis. Young children frequently do not have the symptoms (headache) or physical findings (sinus tenderness) seen in older patients. Radiographic evaluation may be helpful if the clinical presentation is atypical or severe. Antibiotics remain the primary therapeutic agent of choice in pediatric sinusitis, with other therapeutic modalities having little proven efficacy.
鼻窦炎在儿童和青少年中很常见，最常见的是作为病毒性上呼吸道感染或过敏性鼻炎的并发症。诊断通常由持续超过10天无改善的病毒性上呼吸道感染症状或伴有发热和脓性鼻炎的严重症状提示。幼儿通常没有年长患者出现的症状（头痛）或体格检查发现（鼻窦压痛）。如果临床表现不典型或严重，影像学评估可能会有帮助。抗生素仍然是小儿鼻窦炎的主要治疗药物，其他治疗方式几乎没有已证实的疗效。
