Anthonisen N R, Martin R R
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1977 Aug;116(2):201-7. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1977.116.2.201.
In 6 seated subjects with small unilateral pleural effusion without other radiographic abnormality, we measured regional lung function using xenon-133, comparing the function of the lung on the side with the effusion to the function on the contralateral side. When both lungs were equilibrated with Xe, count rates were lower at the base with the effusion, indicating either collapse or displacement of lung in these regions. Regional lung expansion was measured as fractions of regional total lung capacity: regional functional residual capacity/regional total lung capacity and regional residual volume/regional total lung capacity. The distribution of boluses inhaled slowly from residual volume was also measured, In all subjects the results were the same on the side with the effusion as on the other side. These findings were compatible with effective static pleural pressure being the same on both sides and suggest that the reduction in count rate at the base with effusion was due to displacement rather than compression of lung. We also measured regional washout half-times during dynamic breathing and found them prolonged in regions underlying effusion, indicating that dynamic ventilation of these areas was reduced. We postulated that the dynamic pressure swings applied to these regions were decreased by the effusions.
在6名患有小量单侧胸腔积液且无其他影像学异常的坐位受试者中，我们使用氙-133测量了局部肺功能，将有积液一侧肺的功能与对侧肺的功能进行比较。当两肺均与氙达到平衡时，有积液一侧肺底部的计数率较低，表明这些区域的肺出现萎陷或移位。局部肺扩张以局部肺总量的分数来衡量：局部功能残气量/局部肺总量和局部残气量/局部肺总量。还测量了从残气量缓慢吸入的团注分布情况。在所有受试者中，有积液一侧的结果与另一侧相同。这些发现与两侧有效静态胸膜压力相同相符，并表明有积液一侧肺底部计数率降低是由于肺移位而非受压所致。我们还测量了动态呼吸过程中的局部洗脱半衰期，发现积液下方区域的半衰期延长，表明这些区域的动态通气减少。我们推测积液会使施加于这些区域的动态压力波动减小。
