Nelson N A, Kaufman J D
Safety and Health Assessment and Research for Prevention program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia 98504-4330, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 1996 Oct;30(4):438-46. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199610)30:4<438::AID-AJIM9>3.0.CO;2-R.
This study describes injuries related to assaults and violence that occurred in Washington State workplaces in 1992. Nonfatal injuries are emphasized. High-risk industries and occupations are described. Fatalities caused by work-related violence were identified using the 1992 U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. Nonfatal injuries were identified using the BLS Annual Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses and the Washington State workers' compensation system. Thirteen occupational fatalities resulted from assaults or violent acts in 1992. BLS data identified 784 nonfatal injuries that resulted in one or more day off work; workers' compensation data identified 2,395 claims. Industries experiencing the highest claim rates were Social Services (148 per 10,000) and Health Services (106 per 10,000). Nonfatal violent injuries were common and appeared to have different risk factors than fatal injuries. Industries in which injuries occurred were often predictable and suggested specific strategies for prevention efforts.
本研究描述了1992年发生在华盛顿州工作场所的与袭击和暴力相关的伤害情况。重点关注非致命伤害。文中描述了高风险行业和职业。通过1992年美国劳工部劳工统计局（BLS）的《致命职业伤害普查》确定了与工作相关暴力导致的死亡人数。非致命伤害则通过BLS的《职业伤害和疾病年度调查》以及华盛顿州的工人赔偿系统来确定。1992年有13起职业死亡是由袭击或暴力行为导致的。BLS数据确定了784起导致一人或多人缺勤的非致命伤害；工人赔偿数据确定了2395起索赔。索赔率最高的行业是社会服务行业（每10000人中有148起）和医疗服务行业（每10000人中有106起）。非致命暴力伤害很常见，而且其风险因素似乎与致命伤害不同。发生伤害的行业往往是可预测的，并为预防工作提出了具体策略。
