Demmelmair H, Festl B, Wolfram G, Koletzko B
Kinderpoliklinik, Ludwig-Maximitians-Universität München.
Z Ernahrungswiss. 1996 Sep;35(3):235-40. doi: 10.1007/BF01625686.
A high intake of trans fatty acids in children may be disadvantageous because of untoward effects on lipoprotein metabolism and a possible impairment of arachidonic acid synthesis. We measured the trans fatty acid content of different brands of spreads and cold cuts typically consumed by German children because these foods may contribute a considerable portion of total trans fatty acid intake. The highest trans fatty acid contents were found in regular margarines (4.5, 0.0-10.6; median %-wt/wt of fatty acids, minimal-maximal), chocolate spreads (5.5, 0.7-11.1), butter (4.7, 3.7-5.2) and cheese (3.6, 1.8-4.0), while lower values were present in diet margarines (0.2, 0.0-0.4), vegetarian spreads (0.2, 0.1-0.4), peanut butter (0.0, 0.0-0.3) and sausages (1.7, 0.6-6.4). Calculations of typical dietary plans for young children show that food selection and variations in trans fatty acid contents may lead to marked differences in daily trans intake of > 100% (3.1 g/d vs. 1.5 g/d). We propose that trans fatty acid content should be declared on labels of fatty food products to enable the consumer to choose, and further attempts should be made to lower trans fatty acid formation during technical hydrogenation.
儿童大量摄入反式脂肪酸可能不利，因为其对脂蛋白代谢有不良影响，还可能损害花生四烯酸的合成。我们测量了德国儿童通常食用的不同品牌涂抹酱和冷切食品中的反式脂肪酸含量，因为这些食品可能占反式脂肪酸总摄入量的很大一部分。普通人造黄油（4.5，0.0 - 10.6；脂肪酸的中位重量百分比/重量，最小值 - 最大值）、巧克力涂抹酱（5.5，0.7 - 11.1）、黄油（4.7，3.7 - 5.2）和奶酪（3.6，1.8 - 4.0）中的反式脂肪酸含量最高，而低脂人造黄油（0.2，0.0 - 0.4）、素食涂抹酱（0.2，0.1 - 0.4）、花生酱（0.0，0.0 - 0.3）和香肠（由数字表示，0.6 - 6.4）中的含量较低。对幼儿典型饮食计划的计算表明，食物选择和反式脂肪酸含量的差异可能导致每日反式脂肪酸摄入量出现超过100%的显著差异（3.1克/天对1.5克/天）。我们建议在脂肪类食品标签上标明反式脂肪酸含量，以便消费者进行选择，并且应进一步努力降低工业氢化过程中反式脂肪酸的形成。
