Goodman A R, Cardozo T, Abagyan R, Altmeyer A, Wisniewski H G, Vilcek J
Department of Microbiology, Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University Medical Center, NY 10016, USA.
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 1996 Aug;7(2):191-202. doi: 10.1016/1359-6101(96)00019-6.
The earliest described pentraxins, C reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP), are cytokine-inducible acute phase proteins implicated in innate immunity whose concentrations in the blood increase dramatically upon infection or trauma. The highly conserved family of pentraxins was thought to consist solely of approximately 25 kDa proteins. Recently, several distinct larger proteins have been identified in which only the C-terminal halves show characteristic features of the pentraxin family. One of the recently described "long" pentraxins (TSG-14/PTX3) is inducible by TNF or IL-1 and is produced during the acute phase response. Other newly identified long pentraxins are constitutively expressed proteins associated with sperm-egg fusion (apexin/p50), may function at the neuronal synapse (neuronal pentraxin I, NPI), or may serve yet other, unknown functions (NPII and XL-PXN1). Evidence obtained by molecular modeling and by direct physicochemical analysis suggests that TSG-14 protein retains some characteristic structural features of the pentraxins, including the formation of pentameric complexes.
最早被描述的五聚体蛋白，即C反应蛋白（CRP）和血清淀粉样蛋白P成分（SAP），是细胞因子诱导的急性期蛋白，参与固有免疫，在感染或创伤时其血液浓度会急剧升高。五聚体蛋白这个高度保守的家族曾被认为仅由约25 kDa的蛋白质组成。最近，已鉴定出几种不同的较大蛋白质，其中只有C端的一半显示出五聚体蛋白家族的特征。最近描述的一种“长”五聚体蛋白（TSG-14/PTX3）可被TNF或IL-1诱导，并在急性期反应期间产生。其他新鉴定的长五聚体蛋白是与精卵融合相关的组成型表达蛋白（apexin/p50），可能在神经突触起作用（神经元五聚体蛋白I，NPI），或者可能具有其他未知功能（NPII和XL-PXN1）。通过分子建模和直接物理化学分析获得的证据表明，TSG-14蛋白保留了五聚体蛋白的一些特征性结构特征，包括形成五聚体复合物。
