Arvin A M, Gershon A A
Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology/Immunology, Stanford University Medical Center, California 94305, USA.
Annu Rev Microbiol. 1996;50:59-100. doi: 10.1146/annurev.micro.50.1.59.
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a ubiquitous human pathogen that causes varicella, commonly called chicken pox; establishes latency; and reactivates as herpes zoster, referred to as shingles. A live attenuated varicella vaccine, derived from the Oka strain of VZV has clinical efficacy for the prevention of varicella. The vaccine induces persistent immunity to VZV in healthy children and adults. Immunization against VZV also has the potential to lower the risk of reactivation of latent virus. The varicella vaccine may eventually reduce or eliminate herpes zoster, which is a serious problem for elderly and immunocompromised individuals.
水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）是一种普遍存在的人类病原体，可引起水痘，通常称为水痘；建立潜伏期；并重新激活成为带状疱疹，也称为带状疱疹。一种源自VZV Oka株的减毒活水痘疫苗对预防水痘具有临床疗效。该疫苗可在健康儿童和成人中诱导对VZV的持久免疫力。针对VZV的免疫接种还有可能降低潜伏病毒重新激活的风险。水痘疫苗最终可能会减少或消除带状疱疹，而带状疱疹对老年人和免疫功能低下的个体来说是一个严重问题。
