Sponheim E
National Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Oslo, Norway.
J Autism Dev Disord. 1996 Oct;26(5):513-25. doi: 10.1007/BF02172273.
Revised versions of diagnostic manuals, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) all operate with several subgroups in the autistic spectrum. Five of the subgroups are identical in the two manuals, but ICD-10 contains five in addition. 132 children were diagnosed using ICD-10, DSM-IV, DSM-III-R, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and the Autistic Behavior Checklist (ABC). Five out of ten alternative subgroups of Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) were identified in a population of developmentally impaired children. These subgroups were the same in the two manuals; the additional ones in ICD-10 were not identified. With the exception of the groups Disintegrative Disorder and Rett syndrome, significant differences were found between all the subgroups within the PDD spectrum and between the PDD group and the non-PDD group. Some problems connected with the guidelines in the ICD-10 manual are discussed.
诊断手册的修订版、《国际疾病分类》（ICD - 10）以及《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（DSM - IV）都针对自闭症谱系中的几个亚组进行分类。其中五个亚组在这两本手册中是相同的，但ICD - 10还另外包含五个亚组。使用ICD - 10、DSM - IV、DSM - III - R、儿童自闭症评定量表（CARS）和自闭症行为检查表（ABC）对132名儿童进行了诊断。在一群发育障碍儿童中识别出了广泛性发育障碍（PDD）的十个替代亚组中的五个。这两个手册中的这些亚组是相同的；ICD - 10中额外的亚组未被识别出来。除了衰退性障碍和雷特综合征组外，在PDD谱系内的所有亚组之间以及PDD组与非PDD组之间均发现了显著差异。文中还讨论了与ICD - 10手册指南相关的一些问题。
