Carpenter R J, Neel H B, Sanderson D R
Chest. 1977 Sep;72(3):279-84. doi: 10.1378/chest.72.3.279.
Cryonecrosis of the upper lobe of the lung and bronchi was safely inudced in healthy dogs by application of the cryoprobe to serosal surfaces or, through a bronchotomy, to the mucosal surfaces under direct vision. Seven days after cryosurgery, hyperemia of the bronchus was seen. By 14 days the bronchus at the target site was covered with cuboidal epithelium. Reappearance of normal ciliated epithelium occurred by 180 days after cryosurgery. Cartilage remained intact, and there was no evidence of formation of a stricture or other gross alteration of bronchial architecture. In the lung there was coagulation necrosis; and by 14 days after cryosurgery, there was fibrosis in the target area. There were no complications of the pleural space. Cryosurgery of tissues at the margins of the bronchotomy does not impair healing. Cryosurgery may reduce the necessity for extensive surgery in selected patients with bronchopulmonary tumors, including those inaccessible to the rigid bronchoscope. Clinically, eight patients with recurrent bronchogenic tumors have received palliation by transbronchoscopic cryosurgery.
通过将冷冻探头应用于浆膜表面，或经支气管切开术在直视下应用于粘膜表面，可在健康犬中安全地诱导肺上叶和支气管的冷冻坏死。冷冻手术后7天，可见支气管充血。到14天时，靶部位的支气管被立方上皮覆盖。冷冻手术后180天，正常纤毛上皮重新出现。软骨保持完整，没有形成狭窄或支气管结构其他明显改变的证据。肺内出现凝固性坏死；冷冻手术后14天，靶区域出现纤维化。胸腔没有并发症。支气管切开边缘组织的冷冻手术不影响愈合。冷冻手术可能会减少部分支气管肺肿瘤患者进行广泛手术的必要性，包括那些硬支气管镜无法到达的肿瘤。临床上，8例复发性支气管源性肿瘤患者通过经支气管冷冻手术获得了姑息治疗。
