Nicholson K G, Kent J, Hammersley V, Cancio E
Leicester University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology.
BMJ. 1996 Nov 2;313(7065):1119-23. doi: 10.1136/bmj.313.7065.1119.
To assess the role of rhinoviruses in elderly people living in the community.
Prospective community based surveillance of elderly people, without intervention. Subjects were telephoned weekly to identify symptomatic upper respiratory tract infections. Symptoms and impact of illnesses were monitored, and specimens were collected for diagnostic serology and human rhinovirus polymerase chain reaction.
Leicestershire, England.
533 subjects aged 60 to 90.
Symptoms, restriction of activity, medical consultations, and antibiotic use during 96 rhinovirus infections. Adjusted odds ratios for lower respiratory syndromes with respect to smoking and health status.
A viral cause was established in 211 (43%) of 497 respiratory illnesses; rhinoviruses were identified in 121 (24%) and as single pathogens in 107. The median duration of the first or only rhinovirus infection in the 96 people with 107 rhinovirus infections was 16 days; 18 of the 96 patients were confined to bed and 25 were unable to cope with routine household activities. Overall, 60 patients with rhinovirus infections had lower respiratory tract syndromes; 41 patients consulted their doctor, 31 of them (76%) receiving antibiotics. One patient died. Logistic regression analysis showed that chronic medical conditions increased the estimated probability of lower respiratory rhinovirus illness by 40% (95% confidence interval 17% to 68%) and smoking by 47% (14% to 90%). There were almost six times as many symptomatic rhinovirus infections as influenza A and B infections.
Rhinoviruses are an important cause of debility and lower respiratory illness among elderly people in the community. Chronic ill health and smoking increase the likelihood of lower respiratory complications from such infections. The overall burden of rhinovirus infections in elderly people may approach that of influenza.
评估鼻病毒在社区老年人中的作用。
对老年人进行基于社区的前瞻性监测，无干预措施。每周给受试者打电话以确定有症状的上呼吸道感染。监测疾病的症状和影响，并采集标本进行诊断性血清学检测和人鼻病毒聚合酶链反应检测。
英国莱斯特郡。
533名年龄在60至90岁之间的受试者。
96例鼻病毒感染期间的症状、活动受限情况、医疗咨询及抗生素使用情况。调整后的下呼吸道综合征与吸烟及健康状况相关的比值比。
在497例呼吸道疾病中，确定病毒病因的有211例（43%）；其中121例（24%）检测出鼻病毒，107例为单一病原体。96例感染107次鼻病毒的患者中，首次或仅有的鼻病毒感染的中位持续时间为16天；96例患者中有18例卧床，25例无法进行日常家务活动。总体而言，60例鼻病毒感染患者出现下呼吸道综合征；41例患者咨询了医生，其中31例（76%）接受了抗生素治疗。1例患者死亡。逻辑回归分析显示，慢性疾病使下呼吸道鼻病毒疾病的估计概率增加40%（95%置信区间为17%至68%），吸烟使其增加47%（14%至90%）。有症状的鼻病毒感染数量几乎是甲型和乙型流感感染数量的六倍。
鼻病毒是社区老年人虚弱和下呼吸道疾病的重要病因。慢性健康问题和吸烟会增加此类感染导致下呼吸道并发症的可能性。老年人鼻病毒感染的总体负担可能接近流感。
