Richter P, Scheurer H, Barnett W, Kröber H L
Department of Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Med Sci Law. 1996 Oct;36(4):337-42. doi: 10.1177/002580249603600413.
In a longitudinal survey of 122 healthy criminal offenders aged 18 to 37 years, the relationship between intelligence measured by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), neuropsychological scales and delinquency was investigated. The Benton Test correlates well with the WAIS and moderately with offence data, but not with recidivism in delinquency. The 122 men had normal intelligence test scores (average IQ = 102), but bad school and working records. The 34 per cent and 60 per cent respectively of offenders, who relapsed within the time span of 1.5 and 3 years respectively, showed significantly worse results in the Verbal Scale and in the Block Design of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Poor performance in the Information and the Block Design sub-tests of the WAIS, a low level of formal education and the belief in external control by circumstances and powerful others are predictors of a high risk of recidivism.
在一项对122名年龄在18至37岁的健康刑事罪犯进行的纵向调查中，研究了用韦氏成人智力量表（WAIS）测量的智力、神经心理量表与犯罪行为之间的关系。本顿测试与WAIS相关性良好，与犯罪数据中度相关，但与犯罪累犯无关。这122名男性智力测试成绩正常（平均智商=102），但学业和工作记录不佳。分别在1.5年和3年时间跨度内复发的罪犯中，分别有34%和60%在韦氏智力量表的言语量表和积木图案测试中表现明显更差。WAIS的信息和积木图案子测试成绩不佳、正规教育水平低以及相信受环境和有权势的他人外部控制是累犯高风险的预测因素。
