Ellis G A, Hobart R L, Reed D F
Tobacco Prevention Project, Contra Costa County Health Services Department, Martinez, CA 94553, USA.
J Public Health Policy. 1996;17(1):28-46.
As part of a comprehensive tobacco education campaign, local health departments throughout California have been engaged in the process of enacting local clean indoor air ordinances to protect the public from the effects of secondhand smoke. This paper describes how a Northern California Bay Area health department worked with city and county governments to pass ordinances in the face of persistent tobacco industry opposition. The key strategies used by the health department included organizing broad-based coalitions, achieving effective use of the media, and educating the business community. Tobacco industry tactics included establishing local front groups that launched a massive misinformation campaign to frighten local businesses into believing that passage of an ordinance would adversely affect their business. Finally, the authors discuss how the tobacco industry has created a climate through state and national legislative activity to undermine the ability of local health departments to pursue effective tobacco control policies, most notably through preemptive legislation.
作为全面烟草教育运动的一部分，加利福尼亚州各地的地方卫生部门一直在参与制定地方室内清洁空气条例的过程，以保护公众免受二手烟的影响。本文描述了北加利福尼亚湾区的一个卫生部门如何在烟草行业持续反对的情况下，与市县政府合作通过条例。卫生部门使用的关键策略包括组建基础广泛的联盟、有效利用媒体以及对商业团体进行教育。烟草行业的策略包括成立地方前沿组织，发起大规模错误信息宣传活动，吓唬当地企业，使其相信条例的通过会对其业务产生不利影响。最后，作者讨论了烟草行业如何通过州和国家层面的立法活动营造了一种氛围，以破坏地方卫生部门推行有效烟草控制政策的能力，最显著的方式是通过先发制人的立法。
