Nevill M E, Holmyard D J, Hall G M, Allsop P, van Oosterhout A, Burrin J M, Nevill A M
Department of Physical Education, Sports Science and Recreation Management, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, England.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1996;72(5-6):460-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00242276.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the growth hormone (GH) response to treadmill sprinting in male (M) and female (F) sprint- and endurance-trained athletes. A group of 11 sprint-trained (ST; 6M, 5F) and 12 endurance-trained (ET; 6M, 6F) athletes performed a maximal 30-s sprint on a nonmotorized treadmill. Peak power and mean power expressed in watts or in watts per kilogram body mass were higher in ST than in ET (P < 0.01) and in the men compared to the women (P < 0.01). Serum GH was greater in ST than in ET athletes, but was not statistically significantly different between the men and the women [mean peak GH: ST 72.4 (SEM 12.5) compared to ET 26.3 (SEM 4.9) mU.1(-1), P < 0.01; men 59.8 (SEM 13.3) compared to the women 35.8 (SEM 7.4) mU.1(-1), n.s.]. Plasma ammonia and blood lactate concentrations were higher and blood pH lower during 1 h of recovery after the sprint in ST compared to ET (all P < 0.01). Multiple log linear regression showed that 82% of the variation in the serum peak GH response was explained by the peak power output and peak blood lactate response to the sprint. As serum GH was still approximately ten times the basal value in ST athletes after 1 h of recovery, it is suggested that the exercise-induced increase in GH could have important physiological effects in this group of athletes, including increased protein synthesis and sparing of protein degradation leading to maintained or increased muscle mass.
本研究的目的是检测短跑和耐力训练的男性（M）和女性（F）运动员在跑步机上进行冲刺跑时生长激素（GH）的反应。一组11名短跑训练（ST；6名男性，5名女性）和12名耐力训练（ET；6名男性，6名女性）的运动员在非电动跑步机上进行了30秒的最大冲刺跑。以瓦特或每千克体重瓦特表示的峰值功率和平均功率，ST组高于ET组（P<0.01），男性高于女性（P<0.01）。ST组运动员的血清GH高于ET组运动员，但男性和女性之间无统计学显著差异[平均峰值GH：ST组72.4（标准误12.5）对比ET组26.3（标准误4.9）mU·L⁻¹，P<0.01；男性59.8（标准误13.3）对比女性35.8（标准误7.4）mU·L⁻¹，无显著性差异]。与ET组相比，ST组在冲刺跑后1小时恢复期间血浆氨和血乳酸浓度更高，血液pH更低（均P<0.01）。多元对数线性回归显示，血清峰值GH反应中82%的变异可由冲刺跑的峰值功率输出和峰值血乳酸反应解释。由于在恢复1小时后，ST组运动员的血清GH仍约为基础值的10倍，因此提示运动诱导的GH增加可能对该组运动员具有重要的生理作用，包括增加蛋白质合成和减少蛋白质降解，从而维持或增加肌肉质量。
