Hamilton A L, Nevill M E, Brooks S, Williams C
Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Loughborough University of Technology, UK.
J Sports Sci. 1991 Winter;9(4):371-82. doi: 10.1080/02640419108729897.
Six games players (GP) and six endurance-trained runners (ET) completed a standardized multiple sprint test on a non-motorized treadmill consisting of ten 6-s all-out sprints with 30-s recovery periods. Running speed, power output and oxygen uptake were determined during the test and blood samples were taken for the determination of blood lactate and pH. Games players tended to produce a higher peak power output (GP vs ET: 839 +/- 114 vs 777 +/- 89 W, N.S.) and higher peak speed (GP vs ET: 7.03 +/- 0.3 vs 6.71 +/- 0.3 m s-1, N.S.), but had a greater decrement in mean power output than endurance-trained runners (GP vs ET: 29.3 +/- 8.1% vs 14.2 +/- 11.1%, P less than 0.05). Blood lactate after the test was higher for the games players (GP vs ET: 15.2 +/- 1.9 vs 12.4 +/- 1.7 mM, P less than 0.05), but the decrease in pH was similar for both groups (GP vs ET: 0.31 +/- 0.08 vs 0.28 +/- 0.08, N.S.). Strong correlations were found between peak blood lactate and peak speed (r = 0.90, P less than 0.01) and between peak blood lactate and peak power fatigue (r = 0.92, P less than 0.01). The average increase in oxygen uptake above pre-exercise levels during the sprint test was greater for endurance-trained athletes than for the games players (ET vs GP: 35.0 +/- 2.2 vs 29.6 +/- 3.0 ml kg-1 min-1, P less than 0.05), corresponding to an average oxygen uptake per sprint (6-s sprint and 24 s of subsequent recovery) of 67.5 +/- 2.9% and 63.0 +/- 4.5% VO2 max respectively (N.S.). A modest relationship existed between the average increase in oxygen uptake above pre-exercise values during the sprint test and mean speed fatigue (r = -0.68, P less than 0.05). Thus, the greater decrement in performance for the games players may be related to higher glycolytic rates as reflected by higher lactate concentrations and to their lower oxygen uptake during the course of the 10 sprints.
六名竞技运动员（GP）和六名耐力训练的跑步者（ET）在非电动跑步机上完成了一项标准化的多次冲刺测试，该测试包括十次6秒全力冲刺，每次冲刺后有30秒的恢复期。在测试过程中测定跑步速度、功率输出和摄氧量，并采集血样以测定血乳酸和pH值。竞技运动员往往产生更高的峰值功率输出（GP与ET：839±114瓦对777±89瓦，无显著差异）和更高的峰值速度（GP与ET：7.03±0.3米/秒对6.71±0.3米/秒，无显著差异），但与耐力训练的跑步者相比，其平均功率输出的下降幅度更大（GP与ET：29.3±8.1%对14.2±11.1%，P<0.05）。测试后竞技运动员的血乳酸水平更高（GP与ET：15.2±1.9毫摩尔对12.4±1.7毫摩尔，P<0.05），但两组的pH值下降情况相似（GP与ET：0.31±0.08对0.28±0.08，无显著差异）。发现血乳酸峰值与峰值速度之间存在强相关性（r = 0.90，P<0.01），血乳酸峰值与峰值功率疲劳之间也存在强相关性（r = 0.92，P<0.01）。在冲刺测试期间，耐力训练的运动员比竞技运动员运动前水平的摄氧量平均增加幅度更大（ET与GP：35.0±2.2对29.6±3.0毫升·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹，P<0.05），相应地，每次冲刺（6秒冲刺及随后24秒恢复期）的平均摄氧量分别为最大摄氧量的67.5±2.9%和63.0±4.5%（无显著差异）。在冲刺测试期间运动前摄氧量以上的摄氧量平均增加量与平均速度疲劳之间存在适度的关系（r = -0.68，P<0.05）。因此，竞技运动员表现下降幅度更大可能与较高的糖酵解速率（如较高的乳酸浓度所反映）以及他们在10次冲刺过程中较低的摄氧量有关。
