Magnani C, Terracini B, Ivaldi C, Mancini A, Botta M
Servizio di Epidemiologia dei Tumori, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Giovanni B. e Università, Torino.
Med Lav. 1996 Mar-Apr;87(2):133-46.
The present report updates a mortality cohort study of workers in the largest Italian asbestos cement plant. The plant had been active in Casale Monferrato in 1907-1986 and produced boards, corrugated sheets, tubes and high-pressure pipes. Raw material included both chrysotile and crocidolite but not amosite. Airborne asbestos concentrations were measured for the first time in 1971 (over 20 ff/cc in most areas). Regular monitoring started in 1978, when the concentration measured in most samples was below 1 ff/cc. The cohort included 3367 blue-collar workers (2605 men and 762 women) employed at the plant at any time between 1950 and 1980. At the end of the follow-up in 1993, 57% were alive, 41% were dead and 2% were either lost or had moved abroad. Mortality in the cohort was compared to mortality rates in Piedmont; local rates have been available only since 1969 and mortality analyses were limited to the period since 1965. Both sexes showed a statistically significant increase in mortality for all causes: lung cancer (males: 162 obs. vs. 65.4 exp.; females 9 vs. 3.2), malignant neoplasm (MN) of the pleura (males 53 vs. 1.7; females 21 vs. 0.4), MN of the peritoneum (males 23 vs. 1.2; females 8 vs. 0.5) and asbestosis (males 118 vs. 0.2; females 14 vs. 0.1). No excesses were observed for MN of the larynx or of the digestive tract. Women show a statistically significant increase in MN of the ovary (7 vs. 2.7) and of the uterus (14 vs. 4.3). Mortality from MN of the lung increased with latency but, in men, showed a curvilinear trend with the highest SMR for those with between 10 and 19 years of employment. The curve could be related to workers with the highest seniority employed in better jobs. The study includes a review of epidemiological studies on mortality among asbestos cement workers.
本报告更新了一项针对意大利最大石棉水泥工厂工人的死亡率队列研究。该工厂于1907年至1986年在卡萨莱蒙费拉托运营，生产板材、波纹板、管材和高压管道。原材料包括温石棉和青石棉，但不包括铁石棉。1971年首次测量了空气中的石棉浓度（大多数区域超过20纤维/立方厘米）。1978年开始定期监测，当时大多数样本中测量的浓度低于1纤维/立方厘米。该队列包括1950年至1980年期间在该工厂任何时间受雇的3367名蓝领工人（2605名男性和762名女性）。在1993年随访结束时，57%的人还活着，41%的人死亡，2%的人失联或移居国外。将该队列的死亡率与皮埃蒙特的死亡率进行了比较；当地死亡率自1969年才可得，死亡率分析仅限于1965年以来的时期。两性在所有原因导致的死亡率上均有统计学显著增加：肺癌（男性：观察到162例，预期65.4例；女性9例，预期3.2例）、胸膜恶性肿瘤（MN）（男性53例，预期1.7例；女性21例，预期0.4例）、腹膜MN（男性23例，预期1.2例；女性8例，预期0.5例）和石棉肺（男性118例，预期0.2例；女性14例，预期0.1例）。未观察到喉或消化道MN的超额情况。女性在卵巢MN（7例，预期2.7例）和子宫MN（14例，预期4.3例）方面有统计学显著增加。肺癌MN的死亡率随潜伏期增加，但在男性中，显示出曲线趋势，工作10至19年的人标准化死亡比（SMR）最高。该曲线可能与资历最深、从事较好工作的工人有关。该研究包括对石棉水泥工人死亡率的流行病学研究综述。
