Cornette A, Petitdemange I, Briancon S, Burlet C, Polu J M
Service des Maladies Respiratoires et Réanimation Respiratoire, CHU Nancy-Brabois, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy.
Rev Mal Respir. 1996;13(4):405-11.
Two hundred and fifty patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency (202 men and 48 women), being treated by oxygen therapy at home were included in a study, which aim was to estimate the proportion of patients who were either smokers or exposed to passive smoking, by the use of a questionnaire and measurement of cotininuria. Urinary sample and autoquestionnaire collection was carried out by the nurses of the Lorraine's association of home respiratory assistance. Urinary continine was measured by radio immuno assay. Twenty one smokers, 186 ex-smokers and 43 non-smokers were identified through the questionnaire. Of the 21 self confessed smokers 20 had a urinary cotinine level over 250 ng/ml, 1 smoker lower than 250 ng/ml; among the professed non-smokers, 42 had a level lower than 100 ng/ml and 1 over 250 ng/ml but the contininuria creatinuria ratio classified this latter in the non-smokers non exposed to passive smoking group. Among the 186 declared ex-smokers, 20 over 250 ng/ml were probably smokers, 160 lower than 100 ng/ml could be considered as non-smokers, and finally 100 in between could be assessed as non-smokers exposed to passive smoking. The results enabled 43 smokers (17%) and 5 (2%) exposed to passive smoking to be identified. They confirm the unreliability of smoking habits questionnaires and the importance of cotininuria in the detection of nicotine poisoning.
250例在家接受氧疗的慢性呼吸功能不全患者（202例男性，48例女性）纳入一项研究，该研究旨在通过问卷调查和可替宁尿测量来估计吸烟或接触过被动吸烟的患者比例。尿液样本和自填问卷由洛林家庭呼吸辅助协会的护士收集。可替宁通过放射免疫测定法测量。通过问卷调查确定了21名吸烟者、186名既往吸烟者和43名非吸烟者。在21名自称吸烟者中，20人尿液可替宁水平超过250 ng/ml，1人低于250 ng/ml；在自称非吸烟者中，42人水平低于100 ng/ml，1人超过250 ng/ml，但可替宁尿肌酐比值将后者归类为未接触被动吸烟的非吸烟者组。在186名宣称的既往吸烟者中，20人超过250 ng/ml可能仍为吸烟者，160人低于100 ng/ml可被视为非吸烟者，最后100人介于两者之间可被评估为接触过被动吸烟的非吸烟者。结果确定了43名吸烟者（17%）和5名（2%）接触被动吸烟的人。这些结果证实了吸烟习惯问卷的不可靠性以及可替宁尿在检测尼古丁中毒中的重要性。
