Jansen P G, Kerkstra A, Abu-Saad H H, Van der Zee J
Department of Nursing and Caring Research, Netherlands Institute of Primary Health Care (NIVEL), Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Adv Nurs. 1996 Nov;24(5):968-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb02933.x.
In most agencies for community nursing at least two types of nurse are employed. To ensure efficient use of personnel and high quality of nursing care, the principles of differentiated practice and specialization are used. It is suggested that these types of work redesign will have consequences for nurses and their work. We made a review of the literature to see how these principles are used and their effects on job satisfaction, burnout and quality of care. This review provides several views and descriptions of nursing activities, but it also shows that there is a paucity of quantitative data about the effects of differentiated practice and specialization in community nursing. To study these effects more systematically, a research model is presented. This model makes it possible to describe the changes in job characteristics caused by differentiated practice and specialization. Secondly, it allows the effects on job satisfaction, burnout and quality of care to be studied.
在大多数社区护理机构中，至少雇佣两种类型的护士。为确保人员的有效利用和高质量的护理服务，采用了差异化实践和专业化原则。有人认为，这些工作重新设计的类型会对护士及其工作产生影响。我们对文献进行了综述，以了解这些原则是如何应用的，以及它们对工作满意度、职业倦怠和护理质量的影响。这篇综述提供了对护理活动的几种观点和描述，但也表明，关于社区护理中差异化实践和专业化的影响，定量数据很少。为了更系统地研究这些影响，提出了一个研究模型。这个模型使描述差异化实践和专业化引起的工作特征变化成为可能。其次，它允许研究对工作满意度、职业倦怠和护理质量的影响。
