Imeson M, McMurray A
School of Nursing, Edith Cowan University, Churchlands, Perth, Western Australia.
J Adv Nurs. 1996 Nov;24(5):1014-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb02938.x.
If nurses are to work effectively with families in contemporary society, their practice activities must be appropriately informed. Families exposed to new technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) require care that is sensitive to their particular experience. Infertile couples have been the subject of a substantial body of research, however, most studies to date focus on the physiological effects of infertility and do not take into account the context in which the experience takes place, or the meanings that people assign to this experience. The purpose of this study was to examine in-depth the experience of couples undergoing IVF treatment for infertility. A phenomenological approach was adopted for the study. A purposive sample of six couples was selected for interview. Data were generated from taped interviews and the researcher's observational field notes. Data analysis was in accordance with the procedure outlined by Colaizzi (1978). Interview responses were categorized by examining the participants' transcripts and identifying significant statements and meanings. Themes which emerged from the statements were then identified, and cross-case comparisons were made to confirm or modify these themes. Four key themes emerged from the data: life changes; powerlessness; hope-disappointment cycle; and social isolation. All couples undergoing infertility treatment experienced life changes which included: lifestyle changes, various physical and emotional changes, and changes in their relationships. There was a perceived loss of control over many aspects of their lives. Couples also described a cycle, alternating feelings of hope and disappointment. Most of the couples reported feelings of social isolation associated with being infertile, that were intensified by having to deal with the inappropriate responses of others. Findings from this study will add to the knowledge base on infertility, and contribute to recommendations for improving the way nurses guide, counsel, and support infertile couples.
如果护士要在当代社会有效地与家庭合作，他们的实践活动必须有适当的依据。接触新技术（如体外受精[IVF]）的家庭需要对其特殊经历敏感的护理。不孕夫妇一直是大量研究的对象，然而，迄今为止的大多数研究都集中在不孕的生理影响上，没有考虑到这种经历发生的背景，或者人们赋予这种经历的意义。本研究的目的是深入探究接受体外受精治疗不孕的夫妇的经历。该研究采用了现象学方法。选取了六对夫妇作为有目的的样本进行访谈。数据来自录音访谈和研究者的观察实地记录。数据分析按照科莱齐（1978年）概述的程序进行。通过检查参与者的文字记录并识别重要陈述和意义，对访谈回复进行分类。然后确定从陈述中浮现的主题，并进行跨案例比较以确认或修改这些主题。数据中出现了四个关键主题：生活变化；无力感；希望 - 失望循环；以及社会孤立。所有接受不孕治疗的夫妇都经历了生活变化，包括：生活方式的改变、各种身体和情绪上的变化以及人际关系的变化。他们感觉在生活的许多方面失去了控制。夫妇们还描述了一个希望和失望交替的循环。大多数夫妇报告了与不孕相关的社会孤立感，而不得不应对他人不恰当的反应又加剧了这种感觉。本研究的结果将增加关于不孕的知识库，并有助于提出改进护士指导、咨询和支持不孕夫妇方式的建议。
