Benyamini Yael, Gozlan Miri, Weissman Ariel
Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Women's Health Center, Maccabi Health Services, 1 Lishansky St, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
Int J Behav Med. 2017 Dec;24(6):871-879. doi: 10.1007/s12529-017-9656-1.
Infertility could be highly stressful, particularly in a pronatalist culture. We aimed to develop the concept and a measure of normalization (maintaining normal life routines and feeling "normal") as a strategy that could enable women with infertility maintain their quality of life (QoL) while coping with this condition. We tested its associations with women's well-being, distress and QoL in Israel, where being childless is socially unacceptable and highly stigmatized.
One-hundred and eighty Israeli women undergoing infertility treatment at a fertility community clinic filled in questionnaires assessing normalization-related coping strategies, QoL, and psychological adjustment (distress, wellbeing). Eight months later, 55 women conceived; 55 women who had not conceived completed a second questionnaire.
At baseline, normalization was related to higher QoL and better adjustment. Structural equation modeling showed that QoL was impaired mainly among women who felt different than others, compared, and blamed themselves. Over time, normalization was overall unrelated to conception or to changes in adjustment yet was protective against decrease in well-being among women who already had a child.
Infertility is highly stressful in a pronatalist culture like Israel. It requires treatment yet is not disabling. Patients who manage to maintain normal routines and not feel different than other people their age may experience better QoL and psychological adjustment.
不孕可能会带来极大压力，尤其是在崇尚生育的文化环境中。我们旨在提出“正常化”（维持正常生活规律并感觉“正常”）这一概念及衡量标准，作为一种策略，使不孕女性在应对这一状况时能够维持其生活质量（QoL）。我们在以色列对其与女性幸福感、痛苦程度及生活质量的关联进行了测试，在以色列，无子女在社会上是不可接受的且备受污名化。
在一家生育社区诊所接受不孕治疗的180名以色列女性填写了问卷，评估与正常化相关的应对策略、生活质量及心理调适（痛苦程度、幸福感）。八个月后，55名女性怀孕；55名未怀孕的女性完成了第二份问卷。
在基线时，正常化与更高的生活质量和更好的调适相关。结构方程模型显示生活质量受损主要发生在那些感觉与他人不同、爱比较且自责的女性中。随着时间推移，正常化总体上与怀孕或调适变化无关，但能防止已有孩子的女性幸福感下降。
在像以色列这样崇尚生育的文化中，不孕会带来极大压力。它需要治疗但并非使人致残。设法维持正常生活规律且不感觉与同龄人不同的患者可能会有更好的生活质量和心理调适。
