Wu X, Huang Z, Stamler J, Wu Y, Li Y, Folsom A R, Tao S, Rao X, Zhang H, Cen R, Wang S, Shen L, Liu S, Chen H, Yu X, Tian X, Huang M, He Y
Fu Wai Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
J Hypertens. 1996 Nov;14(11):1267-74. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199611000-00003.
To assess comparative changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and incidence of high blood pressure over 4 years, and factors related to these changes, in northern and southern, urban and rural adults in the People's Republic of China.
This is a prospective study of populations surveyed by standardized methods in 1983-1984 and 1987-1988 in north China, Beijing area steel mill workers and farmers, and south China, Guangzhou area shipyard workers and farmers.
The subjects were 8805 men and women aged 35-54 years at baseline (1983-1984), of whom 7338 were non-hypertensive (systolic blood pressure < 140, diastolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg, not being administered antihypertensive drugs).
The main outcome measures were 4-year changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressures and the 4-year incidence of high blood pressure in persons not hypertensive at baseline.
At baseline, the average systolic and diastolic blood pressures were higher for Beijing than for Guangzhou cohorts. At resurvey the average systolic blood pressure had increased for seven of eight sex-city-setting cohorts (all but Guangzhou urban men). The Beijing urban cohorts had the greatest increases (men 6.2 mmHg, women 4.9 mmHg, slopes of 1.6 and 1.2 mmHg/year). The incidence of high blood pressure was higher for Beijing than for Guangzhou cohorts in all four comparisons (men and women, urban and rural). Beijing men, urban and rural, had the highest incidence rates (about 21%). In multiple logistic analyses by sex, variables significantly related to 4-year high blood pressure incidence were city, baseline systolic blood pressure and body mass index, change in weight, and, for men, baseline alcohol use and heart rate.
Modifiable lifestyle traits, previously shown to be related to blood pressure and high blood pressure in cross-sectional studies, also relate to the incidence of hypertension.
评估4年间中国北方和南方、城市和农村成年人收缩压和舒张压的比较变化、高血压发病率以及与这些变化相关的因素。
这是一项前瞻性研究，对1983 - 1984年和1987 - 1988年采用标准化方法调查的人群进行研究，涉及中国北方北京地区的钢厂工人和农民，以及南方广州地区的造船厂工人和农民。
研究对象为基线时（1983 - 1984年）年龄在35 - 54岁的8805名男性和女性，其中7338人无高血压（收缩压<140，舒张压<90 mmHg，未服用抗高血压药物）。
主要观察指标为基线时非高血压人群收缩压和舒张压的4年变化以及4年高血压发病率。
基线时，北京队列的平均收缩压和舒张压高于广州队列。在重新调查时，八个性别-城市-地区队列中的七个（除广州城市男性外）平均收缩压有所升高。北京城市队列的升高幅度最大（男性升高6.2 mmHg，女性升高4.9 mmHg，斜率分别为1.6和1.2 mmHg/年）。在所有四项比较（男性和女性、城市和农村）中，北京队列的高血压发病率均高于广州队列。北京男性，无论城市还是农村，发病率最高（约21%）。在按性别进行的多因素逻辑分析中，与4年高血压发病率显著相关的变量包括城市、基线收缩压、体重指数、体重变化，对于男性还包括基线饮酒情况和心率。
在横断面研究中先前已表明与血压和高血压相关的可改变生活方式特征，也与高血压发病率相关。
