Crumbaugh J C
J Clin Psychol. 1977 Jul;33(3):900-7. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(197707)33:3<900::aid-jclp2270330362>3.0.co;2-8.
A new attitude scale to measure the strength of motivation to find meaning in life is herein developed to complement the Purpose in Life Test (PIL), which measures the degree to which meaning has been found. Both instruments were designed from the orientation of Frankl's logotherapy, which holds the "will to meaning" to be the strongest human motivation. Ss were: Group 1 "abnormal," 128 logotherapy patients, 20 methadone patients, 262 alcoholics; Group 2 "normal," 19 seminary students, 64 mixed college students, 123 female college freshmen. (Subgroup fractionations were studied independently.) Results support a predicted moderate negative correlation with the PIL and statistically significant construct validity in separating normal from abnormal populations. PIL-SONG combinations in the prediction of therapeutic outcome support the usefulness of the SONG as a supplementary instrument. The predicted differences are small, but in the expected direction.
本文开发了一种新的态度量表，用于测量在生活中寻找意义的动机强度，以补充“生活目的测试”（PIL），该测试测量已找到意义的程度。这两种工具都是从弗兰克的存在主义心理治疗的方向设计的，该理论认为“对意义的意志”是人类最强烈的动机。研究对象分为：第一组“异常组”，128名存在主义心理治疗患者、20名美沙酮患者、262名酗酒者；第二组“正常组”，19名神学院学生、64名综合大学生、123名女大学新生。（亚组分类是独立研究的。）结果支持了与PIL预测的中度负相关，以及在区分正常人群和异常人群方面具有统计学意义的结构效度。PIL-SONG组合在预测治疗结果方面支持了SONG作为补充工具的有用性。预测的差异很小，但在预期的方向上。
