Deshields T L, McDonough E M, Mannen R K, Miller L W
Department of Community and Family Medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine, MO 63104, USA.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1996 Nov;18(6 Suppl):62S-69S. doi: 10.1016/s0163-8343(96)00078-3.
Advances in the technical aspects of heart transplantation and the medical management of rejection have allowed a shift toward research evaluating psychological factors affecting heart transplant candidates and psychosocial sequelae following transplantation. This study examined the psychological and cognitive status of patients presenting for heart transplant evaluation. The findings indicated that this patient group was characterized by impaired verbal memory and a tendency toward depression and anxiety. The second part of the study examined changes in psychological and cognitive status from the initial evaluation to a follow-up assessment 1 year after transplantation. The results indicated that psychological distress (depression, anxiety) and several indices of cognitive function improved after transplantation. Finally, correlations were determined to evaluate the association between the psychological and cognitive measures and episodes of rejection in the first 6 months after transplantation. Anxiety, depression, and a nonverbal measure of intelligence were found to be associated with the number of episodes of rejection. The implications of these findings are discussed.
心脏移植技术层面的进展以及排异反应的医学管理方法，使得研究方向转向评估影响心脏移植候选者的心理因素以及移植后的心理社会后遗症。本研究调查了前来接受心脏移植评估的患者的心理和认知状况。研究结果表明，该患者群体的特点是言语记忆受损，并有抑郁和焦虑倾向。研究的第二部分考察了从初始评估到移植后1年随访评估期间心理和认知状况的变化。结果表明，移植后心理困扰（抑郁、焦虑）以及认知功能的几个指标有所改善。最后，通过相关性分析来评估移植后前6个月心理和认知指标与排异反应发作之间的关联。研究发现，焦虑、抑郁以及一项非言语智力测试指标与排异反应发作次数有关。本文讨论了这些研究结果的意义。
