Harvey G
Royal College of Nursing Dynamic Quality Improvement Programme, RCN Institute, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK.
Int J Qual Health Care. 1996 Aug;8(4):341-50. doi: 10.1093/intqhc/8.4.341.
In tracing developments in health care quality, a number of different approaches to quality evaluation can be identified, differing in terms of the specific focus and means of achieving quality. This paper attempts to classify the development of quality in health care, drawing on experiences within the industrial quality movement. Three distinct models of quality evaluation are described, according to whether they define quality at an individual level, as an exercise in inspection, or as a method for continuous improvement. Developments in quality and audit in health care are explored in relation to the models and specific experiences within nursing and medicine are compared. The need to be aware of the history of quality within specific professional groups is highlighted, particularly within the context of future developments in health care quality and the growing focus on multi-professional collaboration.
在追溯医疗保健质量的发展过程中，可以确定一些不同的质量评估方法，这些方法在实现质量的具体重点和手段方面存在差异。本文借鉴工业质量运动中的经验，试图对医疗保健质量的发展进行分类。根据质量评估是在个体层面进行定义、作为一种检查活动还是作为一种持续改进的方法，描述了三种不同的质量评估模型。探讨了医疗保健质量与审核方面的发展，并与护理和医学领域的模型及具体经验进行了比较。强调了了解特定专业群体内部质量历史的必要性，特别是在医疗保健质量未来发展以及对多专业协作日益关注的背景下。
