Stoffels E J
Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 1996 Nov;94(2):227-52. doi: 10.1016/0001-6918(95)00063-1.
Stimulus-response (S-R) pairs are usually processed faster when-they are presented in a series that consists entirely of compatible relations rather than incompatible relations. A mixture of the two pairs in a series, which induces uncertainty, increases processing speed for both pairs, but more so for compatible S-R pairs. The results of three choice reaction time (RT) tasks showed that presentation of a precue that only indicated either compatible or incompatible S-R pairs reduced the detrimental effect of mixing pairs more for the former than for the latter pairs. A similar asymmetric reduction was observed in the third experiment when either pair was preceded by the same pair or the same class of pairing. Analyses of RT bins revealed that decreases in RT for the mixed compatible S-R pairs occurred only for the faster responses. It was shown further that errors consisted primarily of a correct application of an incorrect S-R transformation rule. The results are interpreted within the framework of the dimensional overlap model of Kornblum et al. (1990) suggesting two sources of the S-R compatibility effect; interference of primed responses and the need to suppress response priming.
当刺激-反应（S-R）对以完全由相容关系而非不相容关系组成的序列呈现时，通常处理速度会更快。序列中这两种对的混合会引发不确定性，从而提高了两种对的处理速度，但对相容的S-R对提高得更多。三项选择反应时（RT）任务的结果表明，呈现仅指示相容或不相容S-R对的预线索，对前者而言，比对后者更能减少对混合对的不利影响。在第三个实验中也观察到了类似的不对称减少，即当任何一对之前是相同的对或相同类别的配对时。对反应时区间的分析表明，混合的相容S-R对的反应时减少仅发生在较快的反应中。进一步表明，错误主要包括对不正确的S-R转换规则的正确应用。这些结果是在Kornblum等人（1990）的维度重叠模型框架内进行解释的，该模型提出了S-R相容性效应的两个来源：启动反应的干扰和抑制反应启动的必要性。
