Oswald P A
Department of Psychology, Iona College, New Rochelle, NY 10801, USA.
J Soc Psychol. 1996 Oct;136(5):613-23. doi: 10.1080/00224545.1996.9714045.
The impact of cognitive and affective perspective taking on empathic arousal and altruistic responding was investigated in an American, working adult, ethnically diverse population. Altruistic helping, operationalized as the number of hours a participant volunteered to help counsel other adult students, depended on the type of perspective induced. Cognitive and affective perspectives were induced by instructing participants to pay attention to and discern (a) the thoughts of the stimulus person, (b) the feelings of the stimulus person, or (c) distracting, irrelevant details that provided a comparison condition. Participants in the affective perspective-taking condition reported greater empathic arousal than control participants. Participants in the affective perspective-taking condition also offered more help than did those in the cognitive perspective-taking condition or in the control condition.
在美国一个种族多样的在职成年人群体中，研究了认知和情感观点采择对共情唤起和利他反应的影响。利他帮助通过参与者自愿帮助辅导其他成年学生的小时数来衡量，它取决于所诱导的观点类型。通过指示参与者关注并辨别：(a) 刺激者的想法，(b) 刺激者的感受，或 (c) 提供比较条件的干扰性、无关细节，来诱导认知和情感观点。情感观点采择条件下的参与者报告的共情唤起比对照组参与者更强。情感观点采择条件下的参与者也比认知观点采择条件或对照组条件下的参与者提供了更多帮助。
