Logan P M, Müller N L
Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
Can Assoc Radiol J. 1996 Dec;47(6):444-52.
Aspergillus can cause a wide spectrum of pulmonary complications. It may colonize pre-existing cavities to form mycetomas. In asthmatic patients it may lead to a hypersensitivity reaction involving eosinophilic infiltration of the bronchial wall and mucoid impaction (a condition called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis) or granulomatous inflammation (bronchocentric granulomatosis). In the immunocompromised host, Aspergillus may invade blood vessels, causing hemorrhagic infarction (angioinvasive aspergillosis), or it may cause tracheobronchitis, bronchiolitis or pneumonia (airway invasive aspergillosis), as well as abscess formation with or without adjacent tissue invasion. Each of the manifestations of Aspergillus infection has a distinct histologic and high-resolution computed tomography (CT) appearance. This pictorial essay reviews the characteristic high-resolution CT and corresponding pathologic findings of pulmonary complications due to Aspergillus fumigatus.
曲霉可引起多种肺部并发症。它可能定植于已有的空洞内形成曲菌球。在哮喘患者中，它可能导致一种超敏反应，包括支气管壁嗜酸性粒细胞浸润和黏液嵌塞（一种称为变应性支气管肺曲霉病的病症）或肉芽肿性炎症（支气管中心性肉芽肿病）。在免疫功能低下的宿主中，曲霉可能侵犯血管，导致出血性梗死（血管侵袭性曲霉病），或者它可能引起气管支气管炎、细支气管炎或肺炎（气道侵袭性曲霉病），以及形成脓肿，伴或不伴有邻近组织侵犯。曲霉感染的每种表现都有独特的组织学和高分辨率计算机断层扫描（CT）表现。这篇图文并茂的文章回顾了烟曲霉所致肺部并发症的特征性高分辨率CT及相应的病理表现。
