WWW-based interfaces to clinical information systems: the state of the art.

Nine WWW-based interfaces to clinical information systems were reviewed. Five have progressed past the proof of concept phase and into alpha testing in the clinical environment. All key features desirable in an advanced clinical information were present in at least one interface, however many implementations were rudimentary. Much human computer interface research and WWW tool development needs to occur before implementation of a WWW-based interface to a clinical information system should be considered for a mission-critical, production environment.