Richardson G A, Conroy M L, Day N L
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1996 Nov-Dec;18(6):627-34. doi: 10.1016/s0892-0362(96)00121-3.
The offspring of 28 women who reported light to moderate cocaine use during pregnancy were compared with those of 523 women who reported no cocaine use during pregnancy and none for the year prior to pregnancy. Subjects were participants in two prospective, longitudinal studies of prenatal substance use. Women were interviewed during their fourth and seventh months of pregnancy, at delivery, and at 8, 18, 36, and 72 months postpartum regarding cocaine, alcohol, marijuana, tobacco, and other drug use. At 6 years, children underwent physical examination, and their cognitive development, academic achievement, and behavior were assessed. The women in the cocaine group were more likely to be Caucasian and to use more alcohol, marijuana, tobacco, and other illicit drugs than those in the comparison group. When demographic and substance use differences between the groups were controlled, there were no significant effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on the growth, intellectual ability, academic achievement, or teacher-rated classroom behavior of the 6-year-old offspring. Children prenatally exposed to cocaine did show deficits in their ability to sustain attention on a computerized vigilance task.
将28名报告在孕期有轻度至中度可卡因使用情况的女性的后代，与523名报告在孕期及怀孕前一年均未使用可卡因的女性的后代进行了比较。研究对象参与了两项关于产前物质使用的前瞻性纵向研究。在怀孕的第四个月和第七个月、分娩时以及产后8个月、18个月、36个月和72个月，对这些女性进行了关于可卡因、酒精、大麻、烟草及其他药物使用情况的访谈。在6岁时，对儿童进行体格检查，并评估他们的认知发展、学业成绩和行为。与对照组相比，可卡因组的女性更有可能是白种人，且使用更多的酒精、大麻、烟草及其他非法药物。当控制了两组之间的人口统计学和物质使用差异后，产前可卡因暴露对6岁后代的生长、智力、学业成绩或教师评定的课堂行为没有显著影响。产前暴露于可卡因的儿童在计算机化警觉任务上保持注意力的能力确实存在缺陷。
