Yoshikawa K, Inagaki K, Terashita T, Shishiyama J, Kuo S, Shankel D M
Department of Food and Nutrition, Kinki University, Nara, Japan.
Mutat Res. 1996 Nov 4;371(1-2):65-71. doi: 10.1016/s0165-1218(96)90095-6.
Using the Salmonella/microsome assay, the antimutagenic effects of specific components of the extracts from eggplant fruits were investigated. The eggplant fruit juice exhibited an antimutagenic activity against 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-2) induced mutagenicity. In some of the fractions extracted with several organic solvents (acetone, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate; and methanol), the activity was recognized. No mutagenicity or toxicity for Salmonella typhimurium TA98 in the presence of S9 mixture was observed with any of the extracts. It is suggested that there are multiple components of the activities that exist in the eggplant fruit. We isolated lutein from the 84% methanol (methanol/water, v/v) layer, pheophorbide or chlorophyllide from the 70% methanol layer and tannins containing sugar-moieties from the water layer. Pheophytin a and b, Mg-free derivatives of chlorophyll a and b, were isolated from the petroleum ether layer as possible antimutagens. The pheophytin a with S9 mix inhibited by 30-40% the mutagenicity of Trp-P-2.
利用沙门氏菌/微粒体试验，研究了茄子果实提取物中特定成分的抗诱变作用。茄子果汁对3-氨基-1-甲基-5H-吡啶并[4,3-b]吲哚（Trp-P-2）诱导的致突变性表现出抗诱变活性。在用几种有机溶剂（丙酮、石油醚乙酸乙酯和甲醇）提取的部分提取物中，也发现了这种活性。在存在S9混合物的情况下，未观察到任何提取物对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA98有致突变性或毒性。这表明茄子果实中存在多种具有该活性的成分。我们从84%甲醇（甲醇/水，v/v）层中分离出叶黄素，从70%甲醇层中分离出脱镁叶绿酸或叶绿酸，从水层中分离出含糖基的单宁。从石油醚层中分离出脱镁叶绿素a和b，即叶绿素a和b的无镁衍生物，作为可能的抗诱变剂。脱镁叶绿素a与S9混合物可使Trp-P-2的致突变性降低30-40%。
