Joossens J V, Kesteloot H
Department of Epidemiology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg. 1996;58(4):439-77.
Age adjusted mortality in Belgium (B) and The Netherlands (NL) was calculated from 5 yearly age-specific death rates between the ages 45-74 and 75-85+ years. Mortality was available in Belgium from 1954 to 1991 or 1994 (depending on the cause of death) and from 1950 to 1993 in The Netherlands. In the 45-74 years age class all-cause mortality decreased in B between 1955 and 1992 with 33% in men and 48% in women. In NL this was 11% and 40%, respectively. In the age class 75-85+ it was 21% and 37% in B, and 4% and 36% in NL, respectively. Since 1980 to the last available year there was a marked decrease in mortality in the age class 75-85+ years in men and women from B and no change in NL. Wallonia always had the highest mortality, followed by B, Flanders and NL. However, recently the observed mortality in Flanders was the lowest. Mortality trends, in both age classes and sexes, were obtained between 1980 to the last available year for 11 causes of death in men and 13 in women. Among 48 possible comparisons, 38 (79%) were in favor of B, 9 in favor of NL and 1 ex aequo. Life expectancy in 1992 was compared in the 15 EU countries. For both sexes together B ranked 8th, NL 3rd. The difference in life expectancy between the two countries was 3 year in 1967 and 1 year in 1992. Flanders ranked 5th (0.3 year lower than NL) and Wallonia 14th (2.2 years lower) when substituted for B in the EU. Portugal had the best and Denmark had the worst results between 1967 and 1992). Changes in life style-fat, salt, fruit and vegetable intake and smoking habits -which occurred since 1960 in B, its regions and in NI are consistent with the changes in mortality and life expectancy. Curative medicine and medical technology cannot explain the observed differences and trends.
比利时（B）和荷兰（NL）的年龄调整死亡率是根据45至74岁以及75至85岁及以上年龄段每5年的特定年龄死亡率计算得出的。比利时的死亡率数据可追溯至1954年至1991年或1994年（取决于死因），荷兰的数据则是从1950年至1993年。在45至74岁年龄组中，1955年至1992年间，比利时男性的全因死亡率下降了33%，女性下降了48%。在荷兰，男性和女性的降幅分别为11%和40%。在75至85岁及以上年龄组中，比利时男性和女性的降幅分别为21%和37%，荷兰则分别为4%和36%。自1980年至可获取数据的最后一年，比利时75至85岁及以上年龄组的男性和女性死亡率显著下降，而荷兰则没有变化。瓦隆地区的死亡率一直最高，其次是比利时、佛兰德地区和荷兰。然而，最近观察到佛兰德地区的死亡率最低。在1980年至可获取数据的最后一年期间，获取了两个年龄组和两性中11种男性死因和13种女性死因的死亡率趋势。在48种可能的比较中，38种（79%）对比利时有利，9种对荷兰有利，1种持平。1992年对15个欧盟国家的预期寿命进行了比较。男女合计，比利时排名第8，荷兰排名第3。1967年两国预期寿命相差3岁，1992年相差1岁。在欧盟中，若用佛兰德地区替代比利时，其排名第5（比荷兰低0.3岁），瓦隆地区排名第14（比荷兰低2.2岁）。1967年至1992年间，葡萄牙的结果最佳，丹麦最差。自1960年以来，比利时及其各地区以及荷兰在生活方式方面（脂肪、盐、水果和蔬菜摄入量以及吸烟习惯）的变化与死亡率和预期寿命的变化一致。治疗医学和医疗技术无法解释所观察到的差异和趋势。
