Schwartz T H, Ojemann G A, Haglund M M, Lettich E
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 1996 Nov;4(4):263-73. doi: 10.1016/s0926-6410(96)00062-6.
Changes in human right or left temporal cortical neuronal activity during language and visuospatial tasks were investigated during craniotomy under local anesthesia for medically intractable epilepsy in patients known to be left dominant for language based on preoperative intracarotid amobarbital perfusion testing. Extracellular recordings were obtained from 57 neuronal populations (26 from the left hemisphere) in the superior and middle temporal gyri of 34 patients. Frequency of activity was compared during over and silent object naming, word reading and line-matching. Although all recordings were from the cortex not essential for language, statistically significant changes in activity during these tasks were identified in 49% of the populations. Most populations showed significant changes to only one of the tasks, indicating discrete neural networks for reading and naming. Nearby neuronal populations recorded by the same microelectrode usually had different behavioral correlates. There were no significant differences in the proportion of neurons changing activity with language or spatial measures between right (non-dominant) or left (dominant) temporal lobes. Left superior and middle temporal gyrus populations, however, demonstrated significant early reductions in activity during overt or silent naming, while right middle temporal gyrus recordings showed significant early increased activity only during overt naming. Although reading measures elicited more activity from the non-dominant temporal lobe, early reductions in activity were recorded exclusively from the dominant side. Visuospatial tasks evoked changes in neuronal frequency predominantly in the middle temporal gyrus, and during one of these tasks, significant later increases in activity were present bilaterally. Our results indicate that the functional lateralization of cognitive behaviors may depend less on the anatomic location of the associated neuronal activity than on the neurophysiologic characteristics of that activity.
在局部麻醉下开颅手术期间，对已知基于术前颈动脉注射异戊巴比妥灌注测试语言功能为左侧优势的药物难治性癫痫患者，研究其在语言和视觉空间任务期间右侧或左侧颞叶皮质神经元活动的变化。从34例患者颞上回和颞中回的57个神经元群（26个来自左侧半球）获得细胞外记录。在大声和无声物体命名、单词阅读和线条匹配期间比较活动频率。尽管所有记录均来自对语言并非必需的皮质，但在49%的神经元群中发现这些任务期间活动有统计学显著变化。大多数神经元群仅对其中一项任务有显著变化，表明阅读和命名有离散的神经网络。由同一微电极记录的附近神经元群通常有不同的行为相关性。右侧（非优势）或左侧（优势）颞叶中，神经元活动随语言或空间测量变化的比例无显著差异。然而，左侧颞上回和颞中回神经元群在大声或无声命名期间活动显著早期减少，而右侧颞中回记录仅在大声命名期间显示显著早期活动增加。尽管阅读测量在非优势颞叶引起更多活动，但活动早期减少仅在优势侧记录到。视觉空间任务主要在颞中回引起神经元频率变化，在其中一项任务期间，双侧均出现显著的后期活动增加。我们的结果表明，认知行为的功能侧化可能较少依赖于相关神经元活动的解剖位置，而更多依赖于该活动的神经生理特征。
