Stevens D L
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boise, Idaho, USA.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1996 Dec;10(4):727-46. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70324-x.
Because of the frequency with which Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes infections occur, physicians are quite familiar with the diversity of their clinical presentations. In the 1970s, however, shock associated with multiorgan failure was described in menstruating female patients as well as in male patients following a variety of surgical procedures, such as rhinoplasty. This previously undescribed presentation of S. aureus infection, termed staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome, was associated with unique strains of S. aureus. In the mid-1980s, the emergence of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome was heralded by several case reports describing patients with group A streptococcal infections associated with shock and organ failure. This article compares the differences in the epidemiologic, clinical, and pathophysiologic features of the toxic shock syndromes.
由于金黄色葡萄球菌和化脓性链球菌感染的发生频率较高，医生们对它们临床表现的多样性相当熟悉。然而，在20世纪70年代，月经期中的女性患者以及接受各种外科手术（如隆鼻手术）后的男性患者中，出现了与多器官功能衰竭相关的休克。这种以前未被描述过的金黄色葡萄球菌感染表现，被称为葡萄球菌中毒性休克综合征，与金黄色葡萄球菌的独特菌株有关。在20世纪80年代中期，几例病例报告预示了链球菌中毒性休克综合征的出现，这些报告描述了患有A组链球菌感染并伴有休克和器官功能衰竭的患者。本文比较了中毒性休克综合征在流行病学、临床和病理生理学特征方面的差异。
