Rabinerson D, Kaplan B, Levavi H, Neri A
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rabin Medical Center (Beilinson Campus), Petah Tikva, Israel.
Isr J Med Sci. 1996 Nov;32(11):1128-33.
Ovarian cancer of epithelial origin is associated with the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic malignancies. Since no symptoms or signs are manifested at the early stages of the disease, it is no surprise that in 75% of patients peritoneal metastases are found during primary surgery. Despite advances in conservative treatment methods (invasive and noninvasive), screening for early detection of the disease is not yet available, and the overall survival rate is as low as 5-15%. Recent studies in molecular biology have drawn attention to different research directions in ovarian cancer and have contributed much to our understanding of this disease and its underlying pathologic mechanisms. This review is intended to highlight some of the new aspects of this research, specifically: hereditary ovarian cancer, genetic background in terms of chromosomal changes, DNA anomalies, oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes, peptide growth factors and cytokines, invasiveness and metastasis, and finally, drug resistance. No breakthrough has as yet occurred in any of the subjects screened in this review, but results are promising. The clinical application of the steadily increasing knowledge in the biology of ovarian cancer may assist in the development of new treatment modalities that will improve survival.
上皮性卵巢癌是所有妇科恶性肿瘤中死亡率最高的。由于在疾病早期没有症状或体征出现，因此不足为奇的是，75%的患者在初次手术时发现有腹膜转移。尽管保守治疗方法（侵入性和非侵入性）取得了进展，但尚未有用于早期检测该疾病的筛查方法，总体生存率低至5% - 15%。分子生物学的最新研究关注了卵巢癌的不同研究方向，并极大地促进了我们对这种疾病及其潜在病理机制的理解。本综述旨在突出该研究的一些新方面，具体包括：遗传性卵巢癌、染色体变化、DNA异常、癌基因、肿瘤抑制基因、肽生长因子和细胞因子方面的遗传背景、侵袭性和转移，以及最后，耐药性。在本综述所筛选的任何主题中尚未有突破，但结果很有希望。卵巢癌生物学中不断增加的知识的临床应用可能有助于开发新的治疗方式，从而提高生存率。
