Yam D, Eliraz A, Berry E M
Department of Membrane Research and Biophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Isr J Med Sci. 1996 Nov;32(11):1134-43.
Israel has one of the highest dietary polyunsaturated/saturated fat ratios in the world; the consumption of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is about 8% higher than in the USA, and 10-12% higher than in most European countries. In fact, Israeli Jews may be regarded as a population-based dietary experiment of the effect of a high omega-6 PUFA diet, a diet that until recently was widely recommended. Despite such national habits, there is paradoxically a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and obesity-all diseases that are associated with hyperinsulinemia (HI) and insulin resistance (IR), and grouped together as the insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X. There is also an increased cancer incidence and mortality rate, especially in women, compared with western countries. Studies suggest that high omega-6 linoleic acid consumption might aggravate HI and IR, in addition to being a substrate for lipid peroxidation and free radical formation. Thus, rather than being beneficial, high omega-6 PUFA diets may have some long-term side effects, within the cluster of hyperinsulinemia, atherosclerosis and tumorigenesis.
以色列是世界上膳食多不饱和脂肪与饱和脂肪比例最高的国家之一；其ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的摄入量比美国高约8%，比大多数欧洲国家高10 - 12%。事实上，以色列犹太人可被视为一项基于人群的关于高ω-6 PUFA饮食效果的膳食实验，这种饮食直到最近还被广泛推荐。尽管有这样的国民饮食习惯，但矛盾的是，心血管疾病、高血压、非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病和肥胖症的患病率很高——所有这些疾病都与高胰岛素血症（HI）和胰岛素抵抗（IR）相关，并被归为胰岛素抵抗综合征或X综合征。与西方国家相比，癌症的发病率和死亡率也有所上升，尤其是在女性中。研究表明，高ω-6亚油酸摄入量除了是脂质过氧化和自由基形成的底物外，还可能加重HI和IR。因此，高ω-6 PUFA饮食可能并非有益，而是在高胰岛素血症、动脉粥样硬化和肿瘤发生这一系列情况中可能会产生一些长期副作用。
