Burton A K, Tillotson K M, Symonds T L, Burke C, Mathewson T
Spinal Research Unit, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, UK.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996 Nov 15;21(22):2612-20. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199611150-00011.
A survey of occupational risks for low back trouble in two police forces discordant for one known physical stressor (wearing body armor weighing approximately 8.5 kg.
To determine the hazard for first-onset and subsequent course of low back trouble associated with occupational physical and psychosocial stressors.
Various occupational physical stressor have been associated with the prevalence of back pain, but their relationship with first-onset low back trouble is uncertain. Psychosocial factors reportedly are important determinants of chronicity.
Anamnestic data on low back trouble were collected from representative random samples of "exposed" and control forces, along with variables describing exposure to occupational physical stressors and sports results. Psychometric tests were administered.
Occupational risk factors for first-onset low back trouble were determined from lifetables based on officers with no previous back pain history. Survival time to first onset was affected adversely by wearing body armor and, less so, by vehicular exposure and sports participation. The proportion with persistent (chronic) trouble did not depend on length of exposure since onset, but longer service was associated with recurrent episodes. Chronicity was related to distress and blaming police work. Work loss was associated with blaming work and wearing body armor. Changing to lighter duties after development of low back trouble occurred rarely.
Exposure to occupational physical stress seems detrimental; It reduced survival time to first-onset of low back trouble. Recurrence was associated with time since onset, but persistent trouble was not. Sports participation was a risk if occupational hazards were high.
对两支警察部队中与一种已知身体应激源（穿着约8.5千克重的防弹衣）不同的下背部问题职业风险进行调查。
确定与职业身体和心理社会应激源相关的首次发作和后续下背部问题病程的风险。
各种职业身体应激源与背痛患病率相关，但其与首次发作的下背部问题的关系尚不确定。据报道，心理社会因素是慢性化的重要决定因素。
从“暴露组”和对照组的代表性随机样本中收集有关下背部问题的既往病史数据，以及描述职业身体应激源暴露情况和运动结果的变量。进行心理测量测试。
根据无既往背痛病史的警官的生命表确定首次发作的下背部问题的职业风险因素。首次发作的生存时间受到穿着防弹衣的不利影响，受车辆暴露和运动参与的影响较小。持续性（慢性）问题的比例不取决于自发病以来的暴露时间，但服役时间越长与复发次数相关。慢性化与痛苦和归咎于警察工作有关。工作损失与归咎于工作和穿着防弹衣有关。下背部问题出现后很少转为较轻的工作。
接触职业身体应激似乎有害；它缩短了首次发作下背部问题的生存时间。复发与发病后的时间有关，但持续性问题则不然。如果职业危害高，运动参与是一种风险。
