Lobetti R G, Leisewitz A L, Spencer J A
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
J Small Anim Pract. 1996 Jun;37(6):280-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.1996.tb02380.x.
This article reviews Pneumocystis carinii and presents four cases in the miniature dachshund. The cases presented with hyperpnoea, tachypnoea and exercise intolerance. There were also clinical signs suggestive of immune incompetence in all the dogs. P carinii pneumonia was diagnosed in all four cases on transtracheal aspirate cytology. Immunological studies showed low globulin levels on serum electrophoresis, decreased lymphoblast transformation response (in the two cases that were tested) and a deficiency of immunoglobulins A, G and M. Light and electron microscopy as well as anti-canine immunoglobulin G immunoperoxidase staining studies were performed on one case which had died because of the disease. From these four cases, it appears that P carinii pneumonia in the miniature dachshund may be the result of an immunodeficiency. It does not, however, appear to be a classic primary severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome as the dogs appeared to respond to treatment, did not show growth failure and did not manifest overwhelming commensurate bacterial infections.
本文回顾了卡氏肺孢子虫，并介绍了4例迷你腊肠犬的病例。这些病例表现为呼吸急促、呼吸过速和运动不耐受。所有犬只还存在提示免疫功能不全的临床症状。通过经气管抽吸物细胞学检查，4例均诊断为卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎。免疫学研究显示，血清电泳球蛋白水平降低，淋巴细胞转化反应减弱（2例接受检测），免疫球蛋白A、G和M缺乏。对1例因该病死亡的病例进行了光镜和电镜检查以及抗犬免疫球蛋白G免疫过氧化物酶染色研究。从这4例病例来看，迷你腊肠犬的卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎可能是免疫缺陷的结果。然而，这似乎并非典型的原发性严重联合免疫缺陷综合征，因为这些犬只似乎对治疗有反应，未出现生长发育不良，也未表现出严重的相应细菌感染。
