Lobetti R
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2000 Jan;12(1):39-45. doi: 10.1177/104063870001200107.
Seven miniature dachshunds, all under the age of 1 year, were presented with polypnea, tachypnea, and exercise intolerance as a result of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, which was diagnosed on transtracheal aspirate cytology. In all of the dogs, historical and clinical signs were suggestive of immune incompetence. Immunological studies undertaken were leukogram parameters, serum immunoglobulin fraction quantification, lymphocyte transformation assay. CD3 and CD79a lymphocyte markers on lymphoid tissue, and anti-canine immunoglobulin G immunoperoxidase staining. The immunological studies showed hypogammaglobulinemia, deficiency of serum immunoglobulins A, G, and M, decreased lymphocyte transformation response to phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogens and absence of B lymphocytes with presence of T lymphocytes in the lymphoid tissue stained with CD3 and CD79a lymphocyte markers. The preceding findings suggest that P. carinii pneumonia occurring in the miniature dachshund is a result of both a T- and B-cell deficiency. This presentation is not the classic primary severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome but rather combined variable immunodeficiency, which has been well documented in humans but never in the dog.
7只年龄均在1岁以下的迷你腊肠犬因卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎出现呼吸急促、呼吸过快和运动不耐受症状，通过经气管抽吸物细胞学检查确诊。所有这些犬的病史和临床症状均提示免疫功能不全。所进行的免疫学研究包括白细胞计数参数、血清免疫球蛋白组分定量、淋巴细胞转化试验、淋巴组织上的CD3和CD79a淋巴细胞标志物以及抗犬免疫球蛋白G免疫过氧化物酶染色。免疫学研究显示低丙种球蛋白血症、血清免疫球蛋白A、G和M缺乏、对植物血凝素和商陆有丝分裂原的淋巴细胞转化反应降低，以及在用CD3和CD79a淋巴细胞标志物染色的淋巴组织中T淋巴细胞存在而B淋巴细胞缺失。上述发现提示，迷你腊肠犬发生的卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎是T细胞和B细胞缺乏共同导致的结果。这种表现并非典型的原发性严重联合免疫缺陷综合征，而是联合可变免疫缺陷，这在人类中有充分记载，但在犬类中从未有过报道。
