Batsakis J G, El-Naggar A K, Luna M A
Department of Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1996 Dec;105(12):996-1000. doi: 10.1177/000348949610501212.
Failures of descent of the medial anlage of the thyroid and incomplete obliteration of its vertical tract lead to midline or near-midline ectopias such as lingual thyroid and thyroglossal cysts. Each poses special diagnostic and therapeutic considerations. "Ectopias" of the thyroid gland lateral to the carotid artery and jugular vein, however, cannot be readily explained by current embryological information. In these instances, and especially for intranodal thyroid tissue, a metastasis from an occult thyroid primary is the mandatory first consideration.
甲状腺内侧原基下降失败及其垂直管道未完全闭锁会导致中线或近中线异位，如舌甲状腺和甲状舌管囊肿。每种情况都有特殊的诊断和治疗考量。然而，颈动脉和颈静脉外侧的甲状腺“异位”，目前的胚胎学信息尚无法轻易解释。在这些情况下，尤其是对于淋巴结内的甲状腺组织，隐匿性甲状腺原发灶转移是首要必须考虑的因素。
