Marttila O, Jaakkola J J, Partti-Pellinen K, Vilkka V, Haahtela T
South Karelia Allergy and Environment Institute, Joutseno, Finland.
Environ Res. 1995 Nov;71(2):122-7. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1995.1073.
In a longitudinal study, we assessed the relation between daily exposure to ambient air malodorous sulfur compounds from pulp production and experience of symptoms in a small population living in the vicinity of a pulp mill. Special emphasis was laid on exposure-response pattern, where the intensity of the symptoms of interest was assessed in six consecutive questionnaires after three predefined levels of exposure to malodorous sulfur compounds [total reduced sulfur (TRS)] (reference: daily mean < 10 micrograms/m3, medium exposure: 10-30 micrograms/m3 high exposure: > 30 micrograms/m3). The study population included 81 adults, who responded to the baseline questionnaire (response rate 81%). The outcomes of interest were eye, respiratory, and central nervous symptoms. The mean daily intensity of the outcome symptoms, but not of control symptoms, was significantly higher on days of medium and high exposure compared with the reference days (paired t test). The probability ratios between experiencing more or fever symptoms during the medium and high exposure compared with reference days were increased for all the symptoms of interest with a consistent exposure response pattern. The probability ratios were for eye symptoms 3.17, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.21 to 7.47 (medium exposure), and 5.0, 95% CI 1.66 to 12.65 (high exposure); for nasal symptoms 3.13, 1.25 to 7.25 (medium), and 8.50, 3.19 to 18.64 (high); and for pharyngeal symptoms 2.0, 0.92 to 4.14 (medium) and 5.20, 1.95 to 11.99 (high). The results suggest that relatively low daily levels of malodorous sulfur compounds (TRS > 10 micrograms/m3) cause exposure-related short-term adverse effects.
在一项纵向研究中，我们评估了纸浆生产过程中每日接触环境空气中恶臭硫化合物与居住在造纸厂附近的一小部分人群的症状体验之间的关系。特别强调了暴露-反应模式，在对恶臭硫化合物[总还原硫（TRS）]进行三个预定义暴露水平（参考：日均值<10微克/立方米，中等暴露：10 - 30微克/立方米，高暴露：>30微克/立方米）后，通过连续六份问卷评估感兴趣症状的强度。研究人群包括81名成年人，他们对基线问卷做出了回应（回应率81%）。感兴趣的结果是眼睛、呼吸道和中枢神经系统症状。与参考日相比，中等和高暴露日的结果症状平均每日强度（而非对照症状）显著更高（配对t检验）。与参考日相比，在中等和高暴露期间出现更多或更少症状的概率比对于所有感兴趣的症状均增加，且呈现一致的暴露-反应模式。眼睛症状的概率比为3.17，95%置信区间（CI）为1.21至7.47（中等暴露），5.0，95%CI为1.66至12.65（高暴露）；鼻腔症状的概率比为3.13，1.25至7.25（中等），8.50，3.19至18.64（高）；咽部症状的概率比为2.0，0.92至4.14（中等）和5.20，1.95至11.99（高）。结果表明，相对较低的每日恶臭硫化合物水平（TRS>10微克/立方米）会导致与暴露相关的短期不良反应。
