Seta J J, Seta C E
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro 27412, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996 Dec;71(6):1210-21. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.71.6.1210.
High- and low-self-esteem group members received feedback about their individual performance as well as that of their own group and an out-group. They then evaluated both groups. Yoked-control observer individuals also provided group evaluations. In the in-group success/out-group failure condition, in-group enhancement tendencies were attenuated by individual failure feedback and augmented by individual success feedback. Low-self-esteem group members who received individual failure feedback showed favoritism toward the unsuccessful out-group over their own successful in-group. In the in-group failure/out-group success condition, in-group enhancement tendencies were attenuated by individual success feedback and augmented by individual failure feedback. Thus individuals' position in a social hierarchy mediates upward and downward social mobility strategies.
高自尊和低自尊组的成员收到了关于他们个人表现以及自己所在组和一个外组表现的反馈。然后他们对两组进行了评价。被控制的观察者个体也提供了组评价。在组内成功/外组失败的情况下，个体失败反馈削弱了组内增强倾向，而个体成功反馈增强了组内增强倾向。收到个体失败反馈的低自尊组成员对失败的外组表现出比对成功的内组更明显的偏袒。在组内失败/外组成功的情况下，个体成功反馈削弱了组内增强倾向，而个体失败反馈增强了组内增强倾向。因此，个体在社会等级制度中的地位介导了向上和向下的社会流动策略。
