Feldman M W, Otto S P, Christiansen F B
Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, California 94305, USA.
Annu Rev Genet. 1996;30:261-95. doi: 10.1146/annurev.genet.30.1.261.
Optimality arguments and modifier theory are reviewed as paradigms for the study of the evolution of recombination. Optimality criteria (such as maximization of mean fitness) may agree with results from models developed in terms of the evolution of recombination at modifier loci. Modifier models demonstrate, however, that equilibrium mean fitness can decrease during the evolution of recombination rates and is not always maximized. Therefore, optimality arguments do not successfully predict the conditions under which increased or decreased recombination will evolve. The results from modifier models indicate that decreased recombination rates are usually favored when the population is initially near a polymorphic equilibrium with linkage disequilibrium. When the population is subject to directional selection or to deleterious mutations, increased recombination may be favored under certain conditions, provided that there is negative epistasis among alleles.
最优性论据和修饰基因理论作为重组进化研究的范式进行了综述。最优性标准（如平均适应度最大化）可能与根据修饰基因位点处重组进化所建立的模型结果一致。然而，修饰基因模型表明，在重组率的进化过程中，平衡平均适应度可能会降低，且并不总是最大化。因此，最优性论据未能成功预测重组增加或减少将会进化的条件。修饰基因模型的结果表明，当种群最初接近具有连锁不平衡的多态平衡时，通常有利于降低重组率。当种群受到定向选择或有害突变影响时，在某些条件下，只要等位基因之间存在负上位性，增加重组可能是有利的。
