Tardiff K, Marzuk P M, Leon A C, Portera L, Weiner C
Department of Psychiatry, Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 1997 Jan;154(1):88-93. doi: 10.1176/ajp.154.1.88.
The authors determined the rates and patterns of violence toward persons by psychiatric patients before admission to the inpatient service of the Payne Whitney Clinic and determined which factors were associated with a greater risk of violence.
During hospitalization, 763 patients were interviewed by a research assistant using a structured interview instrument. The interviewer inquired about demographic and socioeconomic information and about history of violence and alcohol and drug use.
Having physically attacked another person in the month before admission was equally likely among male (13.6%) and female (14.7%) patients. The patterns of violence were similar for men and women in terms of target, severity of injuries, use of a weapon, and place of occurrence. Univariate analyses showed that only youth was associated with violence for male patients, while youth, low socioeconomic status, substance abuse, and axis II pathology were associated with a greater risk of violence for female patients. Logistic regression analyses showed that recent cocaine use was significantly associated with violence by female patients when age, socioeconomic status, and axis II pathology were controlled for. For male patients, recent heroin use was related to a greater risk of violence.
The frequency of violence by female patients was 150% higher than it was in a study at the Payne Whitney Clinic a decade ago. The frequency of violence by male patients was 50% higher than it was a decade ago. In the current study, substance abuse was associated with greater risk of violence by patients.
作者确定了佩恩·惠特尼诊所住院部收治的精神科患者入院前对他人实施暴力的发生率和模式，并确定了哪些因素与更高的暴力风险相关。
在住院期间，一名研究助理使用结构化访谈工具对763名患者进行了访谈。访谈者询问了人口统计学和社会经济信息以及暴力史、酒精和药物使用情况。
入院前一个月内曾对他人进行身体攻击的男性患者（13.6%）和女性患者（14.7%）比例相当。男性和女性在暴力模式方面，在目标、伤害严重程度、武器使用和发生地点上相似。单因素分析显示，仅年轻与男性患者的暴力行为相关，而年轻、低社会经济地位、药物滥用和轴II病理与女性患者更高的暴力风险相关。逻辑回归分析显示，在控制年龄、社会经济地位和轴II病理因素后，近期使用可卡因与女性患者的暴力行为显著相关。对于男性患者，近期使用海洛因与更高的暴力风险相关。
女性患者的暴力发生率比十年前佩恩·惠特尼诊所的一项研究高出150%。男性患者的暴力发生率比十年前高出50%。在当前研究中，药物滥用与患者更高的暴力风险相关。
