Pucciarelli H M
Acta Anat (Basel). 1978;100(1):101-10. doi: 10.1159/000144887.
The vestibular orientation was applied in the present work. Its purpose was to contribute to the knowledge of the craniofacial development of the growing rat. Sagittal cuts were made in 91 crania from Wistar rats (44 males and 47 females) at 8, 15, 30 and 60 days of age. The x and y coordinates of the sagittal points were determined. The sagittal intersection of the vestibular plane was employed as the abscissa and its perpendicular at the mid point of the external semicircular canal (mesovestibion) as the ordinate. Cranial diagrams were constructed in which the length of the sagittal projection of each bone and its angulation with respect to the abscissa were measured. It was confirmed a progressive evolution towards orthocrania due to the bone rotation complexes, which characterized three cranial regions: the anterior region (frontal-ethmiodal-facial complex) with trigonometric rotation; the mid region (parietal-sphenoidal complex) remained stable, and the posterior region (interparietal-occipital complex) with clockwise rotation. Each complex had its own pattern of rotation. The causal factors reside in the differential increment between the functional components: (a) neurocranium-splanchnocranium, (b) neurocranium-cervical column, (c) dorsal neurocranium-basilar neurocranium and (d) dorsal splanchnocranium-basilar splanchnocranium. Its etiology obeys to the functional requirements induced by the adaptation of the modern rodents.
本研究应用了前庭定向法。其目的是增进对生长中大鼠颅面发育的了解。对91只8日龄、15日龄、30日龄和60日龄的Wistar大鼠（44只雄性和47只雌性）的颅骨进行矢状切面。确定矢状点的x和y坐标。以前庭平面的矢状交点为横坐标，以其在外半规管中点（中前庭）处的垂线为纵坐标。构建了颅骨图，测量了每块骨头矢状投影的长度及其相对于横坐标的角度。证实由于骨旋转复合体，颅骨向正颅型逐渐演变，该复合体特征性地表现为三个颅骨区域：前区（额-筛-面部复合体）呈三角旋转；中区（顶-蝶骨复合体）保持稳定，后区（顶间-枕骨复合体）呈顺时针旋转。每个复合体都有其自身的旋转模式。因果因素存在于功能成分之间的差异增量中：（a）脑颅-脏颅，（b）脑颅-颈椎柱，（c）背侧脑颅-基底脑颅，以及（d）背侧脏颅-基底脏颅。其病因遵循现代啮齿动物适应所诱导的功能需求。
