Mulloy E, Donaghy D, Quigley C, McNicholas W T
Department of Respiratory Medicine & Asthma Education Centre, St. Vincent's Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Ir Med J. 1996 Nov-Dec;89(6):226-8.
A prospective randomised trial was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of an asthma education programme administered by an asthma nurse specialist in an out-patient setting. Sixty asthmatic patients (mean age 28.5 years) were enrolled, 30 to a usual care control group and 30 to an education group. The education group underwent an individual education programme lasting at least one hour. The following variables were measured at baseline, one month after the education programme and at one year follow-up: asthma knowledge by MCQ (36 point questionnaire), inhaler technique (7 point scale), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and symptomatology by visual analogue score (0 to 10 score). The education group's inhaler technique and MCQ score both improved significantly at one month, from 5.4 (0.3) (mean [SEM]) to 6.5 (0.3), p < 0.001, and from 7.5 (2.4) to 22 (1.8), p < 0.0001 respectively. Both of these improvements were significantly greater than in the control group, and both were maintained at one year follow-up. The symptom score improved over one year in the education group, from 5.4 (0.6) to 7.6 (0.5), p < 0.05, and was unchanged in the control group. There was no change in the PEFR in either group. This study shows clear objective benefits to an out-patient asthma education programme conducted by an asthma nurse specialist.
一项前瞻性随机试验开展，以评估由哮喘专科护士在门诊环境中实施的哮喘教育项目的有效性。60名哮喘患者（平均年龄28.5岁）被纳入研究，30名进入常规护理对照组，30名进入教育组。教育组接受了至少持续一小时的个体化教育项目。在基线、教育项目结束后1个月以及1年随访时测量以下变量：通过多项选择题（36分问卷）评估哮喘知识、吸入器使用技术（7分制）、呼气峰值流速（PEFR）以及通过视觉模拟评分法（0至10分）评估症状。教育组的吸入器使用技术和多项选择题得分在1个月时均显著改善，分别从5.4（0.3）（均值[标准误]）提高到6.5（0.3），p<0.001，以及从7.5（2.4）提高到22（1.8），p<0.0001。这两项改善均显著大于对照组，且在1年随访时均得以维持。教育组的症状评分在1年中有所改善，从5.4（0.6）降至7.6（0.5），p<0.05，而对照组则无变化。两组的PEFR均无变化。本研究表明，由哮喘专科护士开展的门诊哮喘教育项目具有明显的客观益处。
