Boldeman C, Jansson B, Nilsson B, Ullén H
Department of Cancer Prevention, Karolinska Hospital & Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Prev Med. 1997 Jan-Feb;26(1):114-9. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1996.9986.
Sunbed use among Swedish adolescents has not been extensively studied, nor has the social learning process associated with it. The purpose of this study was to explore Swedish adolescents' sunbed use in relation to sex, age, smoking, perceived physical attractiveness, attitudes to artificial and natural UV exposure, psychosomatic symptoms, and risk knowledge.
In the spring of 1993, 60 school classes comprising 1,502 students ages 14-19 were randomly selected to answer a questionnaire concerning sunbed use and sunbathing habits, smoking, perceived physical attractiveness, psychosomatic symptoms, and need for information about and knowledge of the risks of UV exposure.
Of 1,252 respondents, 57% had used sunbeds (females 70%, males 44%) > or = four times during the previous year. A marked increase (P < 0.001) in both sunbed use and smoking was detected between the 8th and the 9th grade (at ages 14-15). Sunbed use was also significantly correlated with sex, age, excessive tanning in natural sunlight, and low perceived physical attractiveness. The need for information on risks of high UV exposure was greatest among the best informed students and among students with high UV exposure (sunbed use, excessive tanning in natural sunlight).
It seems doubtful whether further information on UV risks would result in altered behavior among highly exposed students, who seem receptive to information and have good knowledge. For a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the association between sunbed use, smoking, and self-esteem, more in-depth, qualitative studies are required.
瑞典青少年使用日光浴床的情况尚未得到广泛研究，与之相关的社会学习过程也未被深入探讨。本研究的目的是探究瑞典青少年使用日光浴床与性别、年龄、吸烟、自我感知的身体吸引力、对人工和自然紫外线照射的态度、身心症状以及风险知识之间的关系。
1993年春季，随机选取了60个班级，共1502名年龄在14至19岁的学生，让他们回答一份关于日光浴床使用和日光浴习惯、吸烟、自我感知的身体吸引力、身心症状以及对紫外线照射风险的信息需求和相关知识的问卷。
在1252名受访者中，57%的人在前一年使用过日光浴床（女性为70%，男性为44%），且使用次数≥4次。在8年级和9年级（年龄在14至15岁之间），日光浴床使用和吸烟情况均有显著增加（P<0.001）。日光浴床的使用还与性别、年龄、在自然阳光下过度晒黑以及自我感知的低身体吸引力显著相关。对高紫外线照射风险信息需求最大的是那些知识最丰富的学生以及紫外线暴露程度高的学生（使用日光浴床、在自然阳光下过度晒黑）。
对于高暴露学生而言，进一步提供紫外线风险信息是否会改变其行为，这一点似乎存疑，因为这些学生似乎易于接受信息且知识丰富。为了更好地理解日光浴床使用、吸烟和自尊之间关联的潜在机制，需要进行更深入的定性研究。
