Schneider C, Fischer G, Diamant K, Hauk R, Pezawas L, Lenzinger E, Kasper S
Klinische Abteilung für Allgemeine Psychiatrie, Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Wien.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1996;108(19):611-4.
A major problem in the treatment of opiate-dependent patients arises due to illicit drug abuse capted with drug dependence and pregnancy. Drug abuse during pregnancy involves a high risk for the mother as well as for the unborn child. Twenty-three pregnant, opiate-dependent women, were enrolled in a 19-month study of the outpatient clinic for drug addiction. The mean age of the subjects was 26.7 years (SD +/- 4.8; range: 20-37 years), the mean duration of opiate dependence was 61.8 months (SD +/- 47.5; range: 12-204 months). Seventeen women were enrolled in a methadone maintenance program and six women were treated with morphine. The babies mean weight at birth was 2746 g (SD +/- 830.1; range: 940-4370), they had no congenital anomalies and all the maintained babies showed an opiate withdrawal syndrome. The treatment yielded in five subjects to a drug-free condition at delivery. The application of morphine might be an alternative in opiate dependent pregnant women and might reduce the additional consumption of illicit drugs during pregnancy.
由于药物依赖、怀孕与非法药物滥用交织在一起，在治疗阿片类药物依赖患者时出现了一个重大问题。孕期药物滥用对母亲和未出生的孩子都有很高风险。23名怀孕且阿片类药物依赖的女性参加了一家戒毒门诊为期19个月的研究。研究对象的平均年龄为26.7岁（标准差±4.8；范围：20 - 37岁），阿片类药物依赖的平均时长为61.8个月（标准差±47.5；范围：12 - 204个月）。17名女性参加了美沙酮维持治疗项目，6名女性接受了吗啡治疗。婴儿出生时的平均体重为2746克（标准差±830.1；范围：940 - 4370），他们没有先天性异常，所有接受维持治疗的婴儿都出现了阿片类药物戒断综合征。该治疗使5名受试者在分娩时达到了无药物状态。对阿片类药物依赖的孕妇应用吗啡可能是一种替代方法，并且可能减少孕期非法药物的额外使用量。
