Kumar S, Hlady W G, Malecki J M
Division of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Palm Beach County Public Health Department, Riviera Beach, FL 33404, USA.
Public Health Rep. 1997 Jan-Feb;112(1):59-62.
A prospective cohort study was performed to identify risk factors for seabather's eruption.
Study participants were recruited at four beaches in Palm Beach County, Florida, during three weekends of May and June 1993. Participants were interviewed by telephone after 48 hours regarding medical history, beach activities, development of rashes, and use of possible preventive measures.
Seabather's eruption, defined by the occurrence of a rash within two days of exposure to seawater, was reported by 114 (16%) of 735 respondents. The strongest predictor of seabather's eruption was a past history of the condition. Children less than 16 years of age were also at increased risk, as were surfers. Showering with one's bathing suit off was a useful protective measure.
The study's findings suggest that when the seasonal risk of seabather's eruption is present, children, people with a history of seabather's eruption, and surfers are at greatest risk. During the sea lice season, seabathers can minimize their risk by showering with their bathing suits off after seabathing. Length of the time spent in water was not significantly associated with seabather's eruption.
进行一项前瞻性队列研究以确定海浴者皮疹的危险因素。
1993年5月和6月的三个周末，在佛罗里达州棕榈滩县的四个海滩招募研究参与者。48小时后通过电话对参与者进行访谈，内容包括病史、海滩活动、皮疹的出现情况以及可能的预防措施的使用情况。
735名受访者中有114人（16%）报告了海浴者皮疹，其定义为接触海水后两天内出现皮疹。海浴者皮疹最强的预测因素是该病的既往病史。16岁以下儿童以及冲浪者的患病风险也增加。脱泳衣淋浴是一种有效的保护措施。
该研究结果表明，当存在海浴者皮疹的季节性风险时，儿童、有海浴者皮疹病史的人以及冲浪者的风险最大。在海虱季节，海浴者可以在海浴后脱泳衣淋浴，以将风险降至最低。在水中停留的时间长短与海浴者皮疹无显著关联。
