Welch J A
Department of Small Animal Surgery and Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849-5523, USA.
Semin Vet Med Surg Small Anim. 1996 Nov;11(4):273-84. doi: 10.1016/s1096-2867(96)80020-x.
Inadequate peripheral nerve regeneration as a result of trauma contributes greatly to the morbidity of surgical patients. Animals admitted as an emergency often have concurrent orthopaedic injuries that impair mobility and may mask peripheral nerve dysfunction if a thorough neurological examination is not performed. This article reviews the pertinent anatomy of the peripheral nervous system as well as the degenerative and regenerative responses that occur in traumatized nerves. Physical examination and electrodiagnostic techniques that characterize the extent of nerve impairment are described. The management of peripheral nerve lacerations for open and closed wounds is detailed, as well as the presenting clinical signs and prognosis for brachial plexus avulsions, sciatic nerve damage, and sacrococcygeal injury.
创伤导致的周围神经再生不足是外科患者发病的重要原因。因急诊入院的动物常常同时伴有骨科损伤，这会影响其活动能力，而且如果不进行全面的神经学检查，可能会掩盖周围神经功能障碍。本文回顾了周围神经系统的相关解剖结构，以及受伤神经发生的退行性和再生性反应。描述了用于确定神经损伤程度的体格检查和电诊断技术。详细介绍了开放性和闭合性伤口周围神经撕裂伤的处理方法，以及臂丛神经撕脱伤、坐骨神经损伤和骶尾骨损伤的临床表现及预后。
